生态恢复过程中水土保持林乔木层多样性研究  

Biodiversity of Tree Populations in a Soil and Water Conservation Forest during Ecological Restoration

作　　者：何丙辉[1] 赵晓莅[1] 齐代华[2] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学资源环境学院,重庆400716 [2]教育部三峡库区生态环境重点实验室

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2008年第4期113-117,共5页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：国家“863”项目“三峡库区农业土壤地力恢复与调控关键技术研究”(编号:2006AA10Z427)

摘　　要：采用Margalef、Menhiniek丰富度指数,Simpson、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数以及Alatalo均匀度指数对重庆市璧山县水土保持生态恢复工程项目区内乔木层多样性进行了研究.结果表明:(1)在该项目区内,主要的植物群落类型为马尾松林、杉木林以及马尾松杉木混交林,分布范围比较广泛,其中马尾松林既有纯林,也有伴生其它阔叶树种的马尾松林,伴生树种主要有毛叶木姜子Litsea mollis、白栎Quercus fabri、润楠Machilus nanmu、油桐Aleurites fordii、化香树Platycarya strobilacea和野漆树Rhus verniciflua等.(2)阔叶林分布较少,但也有部分落叶阔叶林存在于该区中,面积较大的主要有薯豆Elaeocarpus japonicus、黄杞Engelhardiaroxburghiana和小叶栲Symplocos satchuenesis等常绿阔叶林,它们多呈块状分布.(3)另外还有部分针阔混交林,如马尾松黄杞混交林、马尾松小叶栲混交林和杉木白栎混交林等.(4)对项目区内植物群落乔木层物种多样性的测度表明,物种丰富度大小依次是:铁围寨>青杠>仁家坡>虎峰山>蒲元;物种均匀度的大小依次是:铁围寨>青杠>蒲元>仁家坡>虎峰山;物种多样性大小则是:铁围寨>青杠>仁家坡>蒲元>虎峰山.The paper conducted a study of the biodiversity of tree populations in the area covered by the soil ＆ water conservation and ecological restoration project in Bishan County, Chongqing, by using Margalef abundance index, Menhiniek abundance index, Simpson diversity index, Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Alatalo evenness index. The result shows that the main plant communities widespread in this area are, the stands of Pinus massoniana or Cunninghamia lanceolata, and the mixture of Pinus and Cunninghamia lanceolatal the stand of Pinus massoniana has formed a monoculture or is accompanied by broad-leaved species such as Litsea mollis, Quercus fabri, Machilus nanmu, Aleurites fordii, Platycarya strobilacea, and Rhus verniciflua ; that broad-leaved forests are not widely distributed in the area although there are still some deciduous broad-leaved communities mixing with them and those relatively spread communities are Elaeocarpus japonicus, Engelhardia roxburghiana, and Symplocos satchuenesis, which are distributed in clumps; and that some needle broad-leaved mixed forests are found to be Pinus massoniana/Engelhardia ro：roxburghiana, Pinus massoniana/Symplocos satchuenesis, and Cunninghamia lanceolata/Quercus fabri. According to the above measurement and calculation, a large-to-small sequence is established： for species richness, it is Tieweizhai〉Qinggang〉Renjiapo〉 Hufengshan 〉Puyuan, for species evenness, it is Tieweizhai〉 Qinggang〉 Puyuan〉 Renjiapo 〉 Hufengshan 〉, and for species diversity, it is Tieweizhai〉Qinggang〉Renjiapo〉Puyuan〉Hufengshan.

关 键 词：森林生态学 璧山 水土保持 生态恢复 多样性 

分 类 号：S718[农业科学—林学] S727.22