热处理对非晶Ni-P电镀层结构与性能的影响  

Effect of Heat-Treatment on Mlcrostructure and Properties of Electroplated Amorphous Ni-P Alloy Coating

作　　者：王玉[1] 郭金彪[1] 袁学韬[1] 孙冬柏[1,2] 李辉勤[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学腐蚀与防护中心,北京100083 [2]北京表面纳米技术工程研究中心,北京100083

出　　处：《材料保护》2008年第10期54-56,1,共3页Materials Protection

基　　金：北京市教委科技发展计划重点项目(KZ20041-0028012)

摘　　要：为进一步了解Ni-P合金电镀层的结构与性能的关系,利用X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)、高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)和显微硬度仪等,研究了P含量12.3%(质量分数)的Ni-P合金电镀层热处理前后结构的变化对性能的影响。结果表明:镀态镍磷镀层呈非晶态结构,270℃恒温10 min镀层开始晶化,析出亚稳相Ni12P5和Ni5P2,360℃亚稳相向Ni3P和Ni稳定相转变,且晶粒长大,420℃时只有Ni3P和Ni相;热处理后镀层的硬度大于非晶态镀层,300℃部分晶化析出的纳米晶弥散分布于非晶相中,镀层的硬度达到极大值,Ni3P硬质相的析出大大提高了镀层的耐磨性能。X-ray diffractometer, transmission electron microscope , and high-resolution transmission electron microscope were used to investigate the changes in the microstructure of electroplated Ni-P alloy coating before and after heat-treatment and their effects on properties, aiming at better revealing the correlation between the microstructure and performance of the coating.Results indicated that the as-deposited Ni-P alloy coating had amorphous structure, and it started to crystallize when being held at 270 ℃ for 10 min, generating metastable Ni12P5 and Ni3P2.When being heat-treated at 360 ℃, the metastable phases were transformed to stable phases Ni3 P and Ni, accompanied by growing of the crystal size, and only Ni3P and Ni were formed after being heat-treated at 420℃.Moreover, the heat-treated coating had lager hardness than the as-deposited coating, and the coating heat-treated at 300 ℃ had the maximum hardness, owing to the dispersive distribution of nanocrystallite Ni3P in the amorphous phase.And the precipitation of the hard phase contributed to greatly increasing the wear resistance of the Ni-P alloy coating as well.

关 键 词：电沉积 镍磷镀层 非晶态 热处理 晶化 结构 性能 

分 类 号：TQ153.2[化学工程—电化学工业]