汶川地震极重灾区780名受灾群众心理状况调查  

A Cross-Sectional Study on the Mental Status of 780 Survivors after Wenchuan Earthquake

作　　者：赵高锋[1] 杨彦春[1] 张树森[1] 邓红[1] 朱燕[2] 任正伽[1] 张伟[1] 孙学礼[1] 李海民[1] 刘传新[3] 王梅 岳莉莉[1] 刘善明[1] 张倬秋[1] 陶庆兰[1] 陈颖[1] 徐加军[1] 毕建强[1] 何莹莹[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西医院心理卫生中心,成都610041 [2]成都市第四人民医院,成都610036 [3]济宁医学院,济宁272013 [4]成都市铁路局,成都610081

出　　处：《中国循证医学杂志》2008年第10期815-819,共5页Chinese Journal of Evidence-based Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解汶川地震受灾群众的受灾情况及心理状况,为进一步开展心理干预提供依据。方法采用横断面调查方法,对成都市2个临时居住点极重灾区受灾群众登记人口学背景、受灾情况及PTSD(Post-traumatic stress disorder)检查量表平民版(PCL-C)评估,依据DSM-Ⅳ的诊断标准,进行急性应激障碍(ASD)临床检查。结果780名受灾群众完成登记评估。在完成登记的资料中729份有效,其中450份PCL-C有效;男女比例为1:1.31。平均年龄36.73±20.82岁;9.5%患有躯体疾病,9.7%生活需人协助,70.7%被动和没有参加社区活动,9.1%严重心理问题。ASD的发生率为30.9%(139/450),PCL-C≥38分有186(41.3%)例,PCL-C≥45分有100(22.2%)例,PCL-C≥50分者有83(18.4%)例,PCL-C≥45分筛查结果与临床诊断结果一致性检验较好(Kappa=0.780,P=0.033)。ASD组和非ASD组性别构成比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),ASD组与非ASD组年龄差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论来自地震极重灾区的受灾群众较早出现了心理问题。在生命救助的同时,应该尽早关注他们的心理问题。Objective To evaluate the mental status of survivors after Wenchuan earthquake, so as to provide relevant information for psychological and medical intervention. Methods Demographic data was recorded and the post-traumatic stress disorder （PTSD） Checklist-Civilian Version （PCL-C） was evaluated. The acute stress disorder （ASD） were assessed with the DSM -Ⅳ criteria in the survivors from the central earthquake area who are now living in two shelters in Chengdu. Results Among the 780 retrieved questionnaires, 729 baseline registration forms and 450 PCL-C were valid. In the 729 baseline registration forms, male to female ratio was 1：1.31 and the mean age was 36.73 ±20.82.9.5% of subjects suffered from physical diseases, 9.7% needed assistance in daily activities, 70.7% were passive and didn＇t participate in community activities, 9.1% suffered from severe psychological problems. In the present study, 30.9% of subjects were found to meet the DSM-Ⅳ criteria for ASD. 41.3%, 22.2% and 18.4% of subjects had a PCL-C score ≥38, ≥45 and ≥50, respectively. Consistency check showed there was no significant difference between the screening result of PCL-C score ≥45 and clinical diagnosis （Kappa=0.780, P=0.033）. There was significant difference in the age of subjects between ASD and non-ASD groups （P〈0.05）. Condusion The earthquake survivors suffered from psychological problems after the disaster in the early stage. Thus, in addition to life rescue, we should pay more attention to psychological intervention.

关 键 词：汶川地震 心理状况 急性应激障碍 PTSD检查量表平民版 

分 类 号：R395[哲学宗教—心理学]