四川阿坝州献血员HBV、HCV、TP、HIV感染状况调查  

Investigation on Prevalence of HBV,HCV,TP and HIV Infection Among Blood Donors in A-Ba County,Sichuan Province

作　　者：李方桥[1] 刘劼[2] 

机构地区：[1]四川省阿坝州中心血站,四川阿坝州624000 [2]南华大学病原生物学研究所

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2008年第5期1563-1565,共3页Practical Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析少数民族地区献血人群中乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)、丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)、梅毒螺旋体(TP)、人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)的感染状况,为少数民族地区献血人群的质量控制提供科学依据。方法2006年1月-2008年6月四川省阿坝州共有4496名献血者,采用ELISA检测献血者的HBsAg、抗-HCV、抗-HIV以及抗-TP,梅毒螺旋体的检测还增加RPR检测,比较不同性别、年龄、民族、文化程度人群HBsAg、抗-HCV、抗-TP、抗-HIV阳性率以确定HBV、HCV、TP、HIV在少数民族地区献血人群中的感染率以及各人群分布。数据库建立和统计学分析采用SPSS14.0,率的比较采用χ2检验(α=0.05)。结果所有献血人员中没有检测到HIV感染,HBV、HCV、TP的感染率分别为16.2‰、2.9‰、11.1‰。男性HBV感染率显著高于女性(χ2=10.238,P=0.001),HCV、TP的感染率不存在男女性别差异(χ2=1.999,P=0.157;χ2=0.291,P=0.590)。～35岁组TP感染率显著高于其他年龄组(χ2=19.770,P=0.000),HBV、HCV的感染率不存在年龄差异(χ2=0.967,P=0.809;χ2=1.983,P=0.576)。汉族HBV感染率显著高于其他民族(χ2=17.973,P=0.000),藏族HCV和TP的感染率均显著高于其他民族(χ2=6.505,P=0.039;χ2=19.258,P=0.000)。HBV感染率与文化程度密切相关,文化程度越高,HBV感染率越高(χ2=12.160,P=0.002),但HCV、TP感染率在各文化程度人群中没有统计学差异(χ2=3.179,P=0.204;χ2=5.521,P=0.063)。结论少数民族地区献血人员HBV、HCV、TP、HIV的感染率与其他地区不同,并存在民族间的差异,因此,这些地区的采供血机构除加强HBV、HCV、HIV等病毒性传染病病原体的检测外,应着重加强梅毒螺旋体的检测。Objective To investigate the prevalence of Hepatitis B virus （HBV）, Hepatitis O virus （HOV）, Treponema pallidum （TP） and human immunodeficiency virus （HIV） infection among the blood donors in minority districts, and to provide the scientific basis for controlling the quality of blood donation. Methods Totally 4,496 individuals donated blood during the period of 2006--2008 in Abazhou County of Sichuan Province. Enzyme -linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was used for detection of HBsAg, anti- HCV, anti - TP and anti HIV. And RPR test was added to test TP. The rates of HBV, HCV, TP and HIV infection of different gender, age, nationality and educational attainments population were calculated according to the test results and compared with each other. SPSS 14.0 was applied to creation of database and statistical analysis. The hypothesis test for rate was done with χ^2 test （α = 0.05）. Results No HIV infection case was found. And the total prevalence rates of HBV, HCV, and TP were 16.2‰, 2.9‰, and 11.1‰ respectively. The HBV infection rate of the males was significantly higher than that of the females （χ^2= 10. 238, P= 0. 001）. But there was no sex difference for HCV and TP （χ^2 = 1. 999, P - 0.1.57; χ^2= = 0. 291, P = 0. 590）. The TP infection rate of 3.5 - year - old group was significantly higher than those of other age groups （χ^2 = 19.770, P=0.000）, but the infection rates of HBV and HCV were similar （χ^2=0.967, P=0.809;χ^2 = 1. 983, P = 0. 576）. As for the nationality distribution of the infection rates of HBV, HOV and TP, the HBV infection rate of Han population was significantly higher （χ^2= 17. 973, P = 0. 000）, and the HOV and TP infection rates of Zang population were significantly higher than those of other nationalities （χ^2 = 6. 505, P = 0. 039 ;χ^2 = 19. 258, P = 0. 000）. The HCV and TP infection rates appeared no relationship with educational attainments （χ^2 = 3. 179, P = 0. 204 ; χ^2= 5. 521, P = 0. 063）, while HBV infection rate w

关 键 词：献血员 乙型肝炎病毒 丙型肝炎病毒 梅毒螺旋体 感染率 

分 类 号：R446.1[医药卫生—诊断学]