北京市城区围绝经期妇女更年期症状分析  

Analysis of climacteric symptoms of perimenopausal women in Beijing city

作　　者：李颖[1] 郁琦[1] 马良坤[1] 孙正怡[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院北京协和医院妇产科,北京100730

出　　处：《生殖医学杂志》2008年第5期329-334,共6页Journal of Reproductive Medicine

基　　金：国家十五科技攻关课题(2004BA720A08)

摘　　要：目的了解北京市城区围绝经期妇女更年期症状的发生情况。方法采用分层随机抽样的方法，从北京市8个城区随机抽取45～59岁妇女，进行问卷调查。问卷内容包括：一般情况和家庭经济情况；Kupperman评分。建立数据库，应用SPSS 11．5软件进行频数、描述性、t检验、X^2检验和Logistic回归分析。结果1，278例妇女完成调查，平均年龄51．8岁，其中自然绝经739例，平均绝经年龄为49．32岁。13项症状中，各项症状患病率从15．6%～59．7％不等。出现频率最高前5位症状依次为骨关节肌肉痛（59．7％）、疲乏（57．3％）、失眠（52．7％）、潮热出汗（48．1％）以及易激动（48．1％）；各项症状中重度者仅占0．9％～6．4％。有214例妇女（16．7％）Kupperman评分≥17分，X^2检验显示更年期综合征与绝经分期及婚姻状态相关（分别P=0．034，P=0．013），离婚或分居的妇女更年期综合征发生率较高，教育程度、是否仍在工作以及个人收入与更年期综合征无相关性（P〉0．05）。但经多因素logistic回归分析，仅婚姻状态一项有统计学意义（P=0．046）。结论绝大多数妇女在围绝经期存在更年期症状，以轻度为主。绝经分期以及婚姻状态可能与更年期症状有相关性。Objective： To investigate the prevalence of climacteric symptoms in women during menopausal transition and postmenopause in Beijing city. Methods： A cross-sectional investigation was conducted with a questionnaire composed by general conditions and Kupperman Menopause Index （KMI）. All of the parameters were input into a database and analyzed with t-test,Z2 and logistic regression using SPSS. Results： A total of 1,278 women aged 45-59 years in Beijing city were interviewed with the above mentioned questionnaire. The mean age was 51.8 years, and the mean age at natural menopause was 49.32 years. Out of 13 symptoms, the five most frequent symptoms were aching in muscles and joints （59.7%）, worn out （57.3%）, insomnia （52.7%）, hot flash or sweating （48.1%）, and irritability （48.1%）. 214 women with diagnosed climacteric syndrome scored KMI more than 17. X^2 test revealed the association of menopausal staging and marriage status with climacteric syndrome, while logistic regression analysis suggested that only marriage status be related to climacteric syndrome. Conclusions： Climacteric symptoms were common but mild in Chinese women during menopausal transition and postmenopause. Menopausal staging and marriage status may be related to climacteric symptoms.

关 键 词：更年期症状 流行病学 

分 类 号：R711.59[医药卫生—妇产科学]