深圳市1994～2004年疫苗相关麻痹型脊髓灰质炎流行病学分析  

An Epidemiological Analysis on the Vaccine-associated Paralytic Poliomyelitis in Shenzhen in 1994-2004

作　　者：单芙香[1] 卢紫燕[1] 罗青山[1] 谭洁[1] 

机构地区：[1]深圳市疾病预防控制中心,广东深圳518020

出　　处：《中国疫苗和免疫》2008年第5期433-434,共2页Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization

摘　　要：目的了解深圳市疫苗相关麻痹型脊髓灰质炎（脊灰）（Vaccine Associated Paralytic Poliomyelitis,VAPP）发生情况及流行病学特征。方法采用描述流行病学方法对深圳市1994-2004年VAPP进行分析。结果深圳市1994-2004年VAPP总发生率为2.27/100万;服苗者VAPP发生率为0.85/100万,其中首次服苗VAPP发生率为5.88/100万;接触者VAPP发生率为1.42/100万。Ⅱ型疫苗株占62.50%;无口服脊灰减毒活疫苗（Oral Polio-myelitis Attenuated Live Vaccine,OPV）免疫史儿童占62.50%;病例均为〈4岁儿童;有明显时间和地区聚集趋势。结论阻断脊灰野病毒传播后,还需要停止使用OPV,以最终实现消灭脊灰的目标。Objective To find out the occurrence and the epidemiological characteristic of the vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis in Shenzhen in 1994～2004.Methods VAPP cases were analysized by the epidemiological study method.Results The total incidence of VAPP was 2.27/1,000,000 in 1994-2004.Incidence of VAPP after first dose vaccination and the contact cases were 5.88/1,000,000 and 1.42/1,000,000.VAPP incldence after vaccination was 0.85/1,000,000 respectively.The virus type of VAPP mainly was type Ⅱ,which took up 62.50%.62.50% of the VAPP cases were non-vaccinated.And all cases were 〈4 years old children.Gathering tendency in distribution of place and time was found. Conclusion In order to maintain the status of polio-free,we should stop to use oral polio vaccine（OPV） after the spread of the wild polio virus was terminated.

关 键 词：口服脊髓灰质炎减毒活疫苗 疫苗相关麻痹型脊髓灰质炎 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学] R512.4[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]