以聚苯胺与无机盐复合物为载体的离子选择电极  

The ion selective electrode based on the composite from polyaniline and inorganic salt as a carrier

作　　者：黄美荣[1] 饶学武[1] 李新贵[1] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学材料学院,先进土木工程材料教育部重点实验室材料化学研究所,上海200092

出　　处：《化学传感器》2008年第3期7-13,共7页Chemical Sensors

摘　　要：有机-无机杂化材料因具有二者的优势在新型敏感材料领域引起了人们的广泛关注。根据近期研究工作和国外最新文献,系统论述了聚苯胺-无机盐复合物的离子选择交换与络合能力,重点评述了由聚苯胺-无机盐复合物作活性载体制成的离子选择膜电极的特性。指出聚苯胺-磷酸锡、聚苯胺-磷酸砷锡、聚苯胺-钨酸砷锡复合物分别对Hg2+、Pb2+和Cd2+具有较好的交换与络合能力,在其它离子共存时,对上述三种离子的选择系数均远远大于1。将该复合物作为活性载体制作的离子选择电极对重金属离子如Hg2+、Cd2+具有很高的灵敏度,能斯特斜率与理论值29.6mV/decade相近。响应时间均不超过40s,探测下限可低至10-6mol/L,且线性范围较宽,共存离子基本无干扰。Organic - inorganic composite materials have attracted wide attentions in new sensing material field since the resultant composites possess the advantages of both the original materials. The ion-selective exchange and complex capability of the composite from polyaniline and inorganic salt are systematically reviewed based on our recent research and the latest literature. The characteristic of the ion-selective membrane electrode using the polyaniline-inorganic salt composite as an active carrier are reviewed and emphasized. It is pointed out that the composites, such as polyaniline- Sn（ VI ） phosphate, polyaniline - Sn（ VI ） arsenophosphate, polyaniline - Sn（ VI ） tungstoarsenate, possess good exchange and complex capabilities to Hg^2＋, Pb^2＋, Cd^2＋ respectively. The selective coefficients to the three ions mentioned above are all greatly larger than 1 when these ions coexisted with other ions. The ion selective electrodes based on these composites have a great sensitivity to heavy metal ions like Hg^2＋ and Cd^2＋. The Nernst slopes of these electrodes are close to the theoretical value of 29.6 mV/decade, with a quick response time of less than 40 s, and the detective low limit could reach to 10 6 mol/L. Coexisting ions have no interference on the determined ions in substance.

关 键 词：聚苯胺 离子选择电极 膜电极 汞离子 镉离子 

分 类 号：TP212.2[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]