新疆棉苗烂根病病原种群的鉴定  

Identification on Pathogen Populations of Cotton Seedings Dampingoff in Xinjiang

作　　者：李国英[1] 丁胜利[1] 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学农学院

出　　处：《新疆农业大学学报》1997年第4期85-90,共6页Journal of Xinjiang Agricultural University

基　　金：国家"九五"棉花科技攻关项目

摘　　要：１９９６～１９９７年从新疆各植棉区采集表现烂种、烂芽和烂根的病样１５４８份，共分离出１１８７个菌株，其中以丝核菌和镰孢菌出现频率最高，分别占菌株总数的４２．０％和４２．９％；其次是链格孢菌和根霉；黑色根腐病菌、腐霉和毛霉等出现频率较低；丝核菌中立枯丝核菌占绝对优势，立枯丝核菌中ＡＧ４为优势菌群，已鉴定出５种镰孢菌：禾谷镰孢菌（Ｆｕｓａｒｉｕｍｇｒａｍｉｎｅａｒｕｍ）、茄病镰孢菌（Ｆｕｓａｒｉｕｍｓｏｌａｎｉ）、半裸镰孢菌（Ｆｕｓａｒｉｕｍｓｅｍｉｔｅｃｔｕｍ）、锐顶镰孢菌（Ｆｕｓａｒｉｕｍａｃｕｍｉｎａｔｕｍ）和串株镰孢菌（Ｆｕｓａｒｉｕｍｍｏｎｉｌｉｆｏｒｍｅ），前两者较常见。致病性测定证明，立枯丝核菌的ＡＧ４致病力最强，黑色根腐病菌次之，镰孢菌的致病力较低，链格孢菌、根霉和毛霉的致病力弱。Altogether 1 548 samples were collected and isolated from rotten seeds, rotten sprouts and rotten roots of cotton seedings in 1996～1997 from the major cotton growing region of Xinjiang,and 1 187 isolates were obtained.Among them,Rhizoctonia and Fusarium were frequently dominant,ranged 42.0% and 42.9%, representetivly.The others were Alternaria, Thilaviopsis Basicola, Pythium,Rhizopus and Mucor etc.Among Rhizoctonia, Rhizoctonia solani was the predominant species in which AG4 was the principal anastomosis group.There were five species ofFusarium having been identified,which were Fuarium graminearum,F. solani,F.semitectum,F.acuminatum and F.moniliforme. Results of pathogenic test indicated that the isolates of AG4 were highly virulent;The second was Thilaviopsis Basicola;The species of Fusarium had lower pathogenicity;Alternaria,Rhizopus and Mucor had mild virulent.

关 键 词：棉苗 烂根病 病原种群 棉花 丝核菌 镰孢菌 

分 类 号：S453.621[农业科学—植物保护]