European and Far East Mistletoes: Potential in Adjuvant Cancer Therapy  

作　　者：Uwe PFüLLER Udo SCHUMACHER 

机构地区：[1]University Hamburg,Universittsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf(UKE),Institute of Anatomy Ⅱ,Experimental Morphology,Hamburg 20246,Germany

出　　处：《Journal of Acupuncture and Tuina Science》2008年第5期284-285,共2页针灸推拿医学（英文版）

摘　　要：Semiparasitic plants, mistletoes, distributed in Europe and East-Asia mainly, China, Korea and Japan have long been recognised as therapeutic herbs. Since the 1920s, extracts from European mistletoe （Viscum album L） have been popular in Europe as an unconventional cancer treatment. These extracts have been used in adjuvant cancer therapy because their immunostimulatory, cytostatic/cytotoxic and DNA stabilising activities. The main biological activities are addressed to sugar binding proteins, the Mistletoe Lectins, and to micro proteins named viscotoxins. The mistletoe lectins are members of the family of toxic lectins and recognize sugars and glycoconjugates containing galactose and/or N-acetyl-galactosamine groups. In vitro and in vivo assays confirm that the mistletoe lectins, isolated from the plant and compared with recombinant forms, play an important role as biologically active principles in mistletoe extracts. Limited experimental evidence indicates that other components like glycosides, polysaccharides, amines etc, may also have anticancer activity. Under discussion in Europe is the principal question of using holo plant extracts or single component lectin preparations： wild type lectins or recombinant ones in cancer therapy. Finally problems of preparation, characterization and standardization of commercial mistletoe preparations and evaluation of biological activities are discussed.槲寄生属半寄生类植物,主要分布于欧洲及东亚,中国、韩国和日本很早以前就将其作为治疗用药。自上世纪二十年代,欧洲槲寄生提取物因具有免疫调节、抑制细胞生长/细胞毒素和稳定 DNA 活性的作用,在欧洲被广泛应用于癌症的辅助治疗。对于槲寄生,其主要生物活性是糖粘合蛋白,槲寄生外源凝集素类和名为粘毒素的微蛋白。槲寄生外源凝集素类是毒性植物血凝素,糖和复合糖类(包括半乳糖和/或 N-乙酰半乳糖胺)家族中的成员。活体内、外实验证实,植物体内分离出的槲寄生植物血凝素与重组合成的相比,在槲寄生提取物中起着更重要的生物活性作用。实验提示:甙类,多糖,胺类等其他成份也有抗癌活性。目前,在欧洲,关于抗癌治疗中是使用纯植物提取物还是植物血凝素的单一成份这一原则问题,包括使用野生植物凝血素还是重组的,正在讨论中。而商业性槲哥生的制备、鉴定、标准化及其生物活性测定也在讨论中。

关 键 词：Neoplasms  Second Primary LECTINS Colored Mistletoe Herb 

分 类 号：R2-03[医药卫生—中医学]