小儿髋关节两种不同方法的压力测定及其与不同体位变化规律的探讨  

Measurement of Intraarticular Pressure of the Hip with Different Methods in Various Positions in Children

作　　者：刘利君[1,2,3,4,5] 彭明惺[1,2,3,4,5] 孔古娅 彭庆恩[1,2,3,4,5] 卿德华[1,2,3,4,5] 傅之屏 白令 

机构地区：[1]华西医科大学附属第一医院小儿外科 [2]华西医科大学基础医学院机能室 [3]华西医科大学基础医学院解剖教研室 [4]四川省绵阳师范专科学院生物系 [5]四川省荣经县人民医院外科

出　　处：《中华骨科杂志》1997年第12期748-750,共3页Chinese Journal of Orthopaedics

摘　　要：作者用两种测定方法对９５个小儿尸体髋关节腔不同体位的压力测定，结果发现关节压力主要取决于髋关节体位，伸直极度外展内旋位最高，屈曲４５°，外展４５°最低，不同测定方法关节内压力绝对值不同，但无论任何方法和年龄，就每个关节而言，不同体位的变化规律均完全相同。髋关节压力与不同体位的关系有利于解释关节滑膜嵌顿的发病机理，指导先髋脱位、Ｐｅｒｔｈｅｓ病、化脓性髋关节炎的体位疗法。先髋脱位患儿在其他体位能获得复位稳定的前提下，应尽可能避免采用极度外展内旋位和极度外展外旋位──蛙式位、小儿急性化脓性关节炎患儿宜早期切开引流，以免股骨头缺血性坏死。Intraarticular pressure of the hip in different positions were measured with two methods in 95 children cadaver hips. The results showed that the changes of intraarticular pressure depended mainly upon the positions of the hip.The pressure became highest in abduction and internal rotation with the hip extension, while lowest in 45 degrees of abduction and flexion. Although the values of the pressure were different in two methods,the changes of the pressure in different position were similar. The relationship between the pressure and position attributed to explain the pathogenesis of synovial incarceration of the hip in children and guide posture therapy for CDH, early staged Perthes disease and suppurative arthritis of the hip. 

关 键 词：髋关节 压力 儿童 测定 体位 

分 类 号：R726.84[医药卫生—儿科]