中国南极考察28年来的进展  

Antarctic Research Progress of China in the Past 28 Years

作　　者：张青松[1] 王勇[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 [2]国家海洋局极地办公室科技处

出　　处：《自然杂志》2008年第5期252-258,I0001,I0002,共9页Chinese Journal of Nature

摘　　要：从1980年1月中国派出两名科学工作者到澳大利亚南极Casey站考察,至今已有28年。经过5年(1980—1984)的学习或实习阶段,5年(1984—1989)南极考察站的建设阶段,以及1993年购买"雪龙号"破冰船,中国形成了长期进行南极考察的"一船两站"的保障能力。从1990年开始,中国实施了4个五年国家南极科学考察计划。中国科学家遵照邓小平同志提出的"为和平利用南极作出贡献"的指示精神,从1984年至今,中国已派出24次国家南极考察队,完成了一系列从南大洋到内陆高原的考察计划,在地质、冰川、气象、陨石、极光、磷虾等方面取得了可喜的进展。其中,他们在南极磷虾、南极冰盖、南极气候与环境、南极臭氧洞以及南极陨石等方面的研究成果,无论是揭示自然奥秘,增进人类对极区的了解,或者探测南极地区自然资源,评估其开发利用前景与风险,都为中国和世界"和平利用南极"作出了重要贡献。Since two Chinese scientists were sent to Australian Ant- arctic station Casey in January of 1980, Chinese Antarctic research works have been carried for 28 years. Through a period of learning foreign experiences in 1980-1984, and established two stations, Great Wall and Zhongshan, in 1984 and 1989 respectively, and purchased the icebreaker ＂Xue Long＂, then ＂one vessel two stations＂ system for carrying on Chinese Antarctic research programs independently became true. Since 1990, China has carried out four of ＂five year plan＂ for the Antarctic research. According to the instruct of Mr. Deng Xiaoping, ＂to make contribution to the peaceful use of the Antarctic ＂, China has sent out 24 national Antarctic research expeditions, and carried out various scientific programs both inland and on southern Ocean, significant progress has been made. Among them, results in study of krill, ice sheet, meteorology and environment, ozone, and meteorite, are not only revealing the secret of nature and increasing knowledge, but also valuable to evaluate possibility and risk in peaceful use of natural resources in Antarctic region.

关 键 词：南极考察进展 28年 中国 

分 类 号：P941.61[天文地球—自然地理学]