北京地区4种新型毒品滥用情况分析  

ANALYSIS OF FOUR NEW DRUGS ABUSE IN BEIJING

作　　者：张玉竹[1] 王艳芬[1] 曾恒[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市公安局强制治疗管理处,北京101300

出　　处：《中国药物依赖性杂志》2008年第5期367-372,385,共7页Chinese Journal of Drug Dependence

摘　　要：目的:了解北京地区"冰毒"、"摇头丸"、"K粉"、"麻谷"4种毒品滥用情况,为采取有效遏制措施提供依据。方法:采用中国药物依赖性研究所编制的"冰毒"、"摇头丸"、"K粉"和"麻谷"使用调查问卷对北京市公安局强制戒毒所2007年8月-2008年3月收治的戒毒人员进行新型毒品使用情况调查。结果:共调查344例新型毒品滥用者,其中139例(40.4%)主要滥用"冰毒",62例(18.0%)滥用"摇头丸",67例(19.5%)滥用"K粉",76例(22.1%)滥用"麻谷"。139例"冰毒"滥用者中有41.0%的人合用过"麻谷",62例"摇头丸"滥用者中有80.6%的人合用过"K粉"。滥用者性别分布男女比较差异无显著性(χ2=1.208,P>0.05);年龄分布以21-40a为主,占90.4%(311/344)。文化程度分布以高中以下为主,占79.6%(273/343);民族结构以汉族为主,占93.3%(318/341);从业情况以私营或个体、无业(下岗)为主,占68.5%(235/343);婚姻状况以未婚为主,占64.1%(220/343)。4种新型毒品开始滥用原因均以好奇心驱使为主要目的(47.3%);目前滥用原因以寻求快感和解除烦恼为主要目的(58.1%)。滥用方式:"冰毒"(98.6%)和"麻谷"(88.2%)以烫吸为主;"摇头丸"以口服为主(96.8%);"K粉"以鼻吸为主(91.0%)。滥用场所:"冰毒"和"麻谷"以家里和旅店或饭店为主(59.7%,27.3%;59.2%,25.0%);"摇头丸"和"K粉"以歌舞厅和夜总会为主(66.1%,35.5%;55.2%,43.3%)。毒品来源以亲朋(同伴)赠与(57.1%,196/343)及黑市购买(39.4%,135/343)为主。毒品危害以兴奋、失眠、体重减轻和全身无力以及性冲动、性暴力和情绪失控(打架)为主要表现。结论:北京地区新型毒品滥用情况不容忽视;新型毒品滥用者男女比例相当;中青年、无配偶及无业和个体私营者,特别是这一群体中女性是新型毒品滥用的高危人群;应加大新型毒品知识和危害的教育和普及,加大对旅馆、歌厅及夜总会等场所的监管力度。Objective：To understand the situation of new drug abuse in Beijing area and provide data for effective prevention and intervention on new drug abuse. Methods：An investigation on new drug abuse was conducted among drug users recruited by the Compulsory Administration Treatment Department from Aug. 2007 to March 2008 with questionnaires on ＂Ice＂ （methamphitamine）, ＂Yaotouwan＂ （MDMA）, ＂Magu＂ （a mixture） and ＂K Fen＂ （ketimine） designed by National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University. Data collected were recorded and analyzed by EpiData 3.1 and SPSS 11.5 for Windows, respectively. Results：Totally 344 cases used new drugs, among them 40.4%（139/344） used ＂Ice＂ mainly, 18.0%（62/344） used ＂Yaotouwan＂,19.5%（67/344） used ＂K Fen＂,22.1%（76/344） used ＂Magu＂ . Of the 139 ＂Ice＂ users, 41.0% used together with ＂Magu＂ ; and of 62 ＂Yaotouwan＂ users, 80.6% co-used ＂K Fen＂ . No difference was observed in sex distribution among new drug abusers（χ^2=1.208, P〉0.05）. For age distribution, 21-40 a users were in the dominate（90.4%,311/344）; 273 cases（79.6%）had an education of senior high school or lower;the majority was Han people （ 93.3%,318/344）;self-employed, no job or unemployed accounted for 68.5%（235 cases）;220（64.1%）were single. Curiosity （47.3%） was the main reason for initial use and looking for euphoria and getting out of annoyance （58.1%）were some reasons using now. Administration routes： for ＂Ice＂ （98.6%） and ＂Magu＂ （88.2%） mainly chasing dragon;for ＂Yaotouwan＂ （96.8%） taken orally and for ＂K Fen＂ （91.0%） usually snorting. Place for abuse：for ＂Ice＂ and ＂Magu＂ used mainly at home or hotel（59.7%,27.3%;59.2%,25.0%）; ＂Yaotouwan＂ and ＂K Fen＂ use happened mainly in song and dance halls and night clubs（66.1%,35.5%;55.2%,43.3%）. Drug source： get from friends or relatives（57.1%,196/343） and black markets（39.4%,135/343）. The users experie

关 键 词：北京地区 新型毒品滥用 中国药物依赖 监管力度 

分 类 号：R954[医药卫生—药学]