芦笋性染色体的细胞学研究  

Cytology Study on Sex Chromosome of Asparagus officinalis L.

作　　者：高武军[1] 张小莉[2] 尹为治[1] 邓传良[1] 卢龙斗[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南师范大学生命科学学院,河南新乡453007 [2]河南中医学院,河南郑州450008

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2008年第10期116-120,138,共6页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河南省自然科学基金(0611030300);河南省教育厅自然科学基金资助(2006180014)

摘　　要：采用去壁低渗法,对芦笋的茎尖的核型进行了研究,结果表明,芦笋的性别决定方式为XY型,雄株为XY,其核型公式为2n=2x=20=13m(2SAT)+7sm(SAT);雌株为XX,其核型公式2n=2x=20=12m(2SAT)+8sm;核型类型为2B型,属于较原始的类型。对芦笋花粉母细胞的减数分裂过程进行观察,发现存在1对不能完全配对的二价体,并且染色体在由前Ⅰ期向中Ⅰ期转变过程中,可以看到1对提前分离的染色体。确定了芦笋的性别决定方式属于异型XY型性别决定方式。The karyotype of the stem tips cell of Asparagus officinalis L. were studied after detaching the cell wall and treated with low osmotic solution. The results showed that the sex determination type is XY one： male is XY,whose karyotype formula is 2n=2x=20=13m（2SAT）＋ 7sin（SAT）, and female is XX with formula 2n = 2x = 20 = 12m （2SAT） ＋ 8sm; Its karyotype be- longs to Stebbins ＂2B＂ type. And it has a pair of heteromorphic sex chromosome. The meiosis and its stages of pollen mother cells （PMC） of Asparagus officinalis L. were studied by the methods of cell genetics. There was a pair of bivalent that can＇t be matched fully,and during the period between prophase I and metaphase I , there was a pair of chromosome separated before chromosomes which indicated that the way of asparagus sex determination is XY allotype.

关 键 词：芦笋 雌雄异株 性染色体 

分 类 号：S644.6[农业科学—蔬菜学]