电子垃圾拆解集散地居民铅、镉、铜内暴露水平与淋巴细胞双微核率的关系  

LeveLs of Lead,Cadmium,Copper in Blood and Urine and Frequencies of Micronucleated Binucleated Cells among Residents in an Electronic Waste Recycling Site in China

作　　者：陈兰[1,2] 徐国建[3] 张裕曾[1,2] 居颖[1,2] 石吉彬[1,2] 江琦[1,2] 李丽萍[3] 袁晶[1,2] 邬堂春[1,2] 陈学敏[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院公共卫生学院劳动卫生与环境卫生学系,湖北武汉430030 [2]华中科技大学同济医学院公共卫生学院环境与健康教育部重点实验室,湖北武汉430030 [3]汕头大学医学院伤害预防研究中心,广东汕头515031

出　　处：《环境与职业医学》2008年第5期442-445,共4页Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大项目(编号:40590390)

摘　　要：[目的]研究电子垃圾拆解集散地居民血尿铅、镉、铜的暴露水平和淋巴细胞双微核率的变化及其影响因素。[方法]选择某电子垃圾拆解集散地居民58人为暴露组(男性44人,女性14人),平均年龄为33.0岁;距离集散地50km,且无明显工业污染的农业区人群80人为对照组(男性41名,女性39名),平均年龄为43.7岁。采用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法检测血铅、血镉和尿铅、尿镉、尿铜含量,火焰原子吸收光谱法测定血清铜含量;胞质阻滞双微核实验测定淋巴细胞双微核率。[结果]暴露组居民血铅和尿铜中位数分别为0.52μmol/L和51.97μmol/mmol肌酐,均高于对照组(P<0.05)。暴露组人群双微核率中位数(4‰)是对照组(1‰)的4倍,年龄是血镉增高的危险因素(OR=1.1,P<0.01);电子垃圾拆解职业暴露史是影响血铅水平及双微核率的危险因素(OR=2.9,P<0.05;OR=6.7,P<0.01)。[结论]电子垃圾拆解地居民血铅、尿铜水平及淋巴细胞双微核率均高于对照区居民。[ Objective ] To investigate the leyels of lead, cadmium and copper in blood and urine samples among residents in an electronic waste recycling site as well as frequencies of micronucleated binucleated cells in those subjects. [ Methods ] We recruited a total of 138 subjects, of which 58 subjects（ 44 for male, 14 for female ）with average age of 33.0 years, from the e-waste recycling site （ exposed group ） and 80 farmers （ 41for male, 39 for female ） with average age of 43.7 years, from a village that located 50 km away from the recycling site without known industrial pollution sources （ control group ）. Levels of lead, cadmium and copper in blood and urine were determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy, and frequencies of mieronucleated binucleated cells （ MNed BNC ） in peripheral blood lymphocyte were measured by cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus assay. [ Results ] In the exposure group, median levels were 0.52 μmol/L for the blood lead and 51.97 μmol/mmol creatinine for urinary copper, which were significant higher than those of the control group（ median： 0.45 μmol/L; median： 45.69μmol/mmol creatinine, P 〈 0.01 ）. The frequencies of MNed BNC among subjects from the exposed group（ median： 4‰ ）were higher than those of the controls（ median： 1‰, P 〈 0.01 ）. Additionally, we found that the blood cadmium level may be interfered with age（ P 〈 0.01 ）. The occupational history of performing e-waste may be a risk factor oftbe elevated blood lead level（ OR=2.9, P 〈 0.05 ）. [ Conclusion ] The findings suggested that the subjects who lived in the e-waste recycling site had higher levels of blood lead, urinary copper and the MNed BNC frequencies, compared with the controls.

关 键 词：电子垃圾 血铅 血镉 血清铜 尿铅 尿镉 尿铜 双微核率 

分 类 号：R114[医药卫生—卫生毒理学]