下肢深静脉血栓发生部位及其超声影像特征  

Correlation between pulmonary embolism and ultrasonic imaging in characteristics of distributions of deep venous thrombosis of lower extremities

作　　者：王文[1] 米成嵘[1] 王福霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏医学院附属医院,宁夏银川750004

出　　处：《宁夏医学杂志》2008年第10期885-887,共3页Ningxia Medical Journal

摘　　要：目的分析下肢深静脉血栓(DVT)发生部位的分布特点,并探讨二维彩色多普勒超声(2D-CDFI)对孤立性小腿DVT的诊断价值。方法121例132条病史明确、资料完整、可确诊为下肢DVT的患者作为研究对象,全部病例均经常规2D和CDFI超声检查,其中18例行下肢静脉造影检查,结合下肢DVT形成的部位、时间及超声显像特征等,探讨分析与肺动脉栓塞发生的关系。结果1.下肢DVT形成部位主要以第Ⅳ类即髂、股、腘静脉大腿混合型血栓发病率最高占42.4%,且超声全部检出。2.孤立性小腿DVT患者受累部位左右侧基本一致(8∶8),以肌肉静脉丛血栓———比目鱼肌和腓肠肌静脉多见占68.8%(11/16),且超声全部检出;腓静脉和胫后静脉少见占31.2%(5/16),其中2例3条超声未检出而由静脉造影证实。3.本文随机取样的121例下肢DVT中所致PE 30例占24.8%。结论2D-CDFI对孤立性小腿DVT的检测也应该列入超声常规探测之中,而且对有效预防PE的发生具有重大意义。Objective To analyze the characteristics of distributions of deep venous thrombosis（DVT） of low extremity and discuss the diagnostic value by 2D-CDFI on isolated calf vein thrombosis.Methods 121 cases with 132 lower extremities with clinically diagnosing DVT were studied.All patients were scanned by 2D and CDFI,and 18 of them were examined by contrast venography（CV）.The relationship between segments,time and ultrasonic characteristics of DVT and PE was discussed and analysed.Results The highest incidental rate of DVT of lower extremities was 42.4% in the segments of the IV class and all of them were detected by ultrasonography.The ratio of left and right calf vein thrombosis was half to half（8∶8）,and the incidental of thrombosis in muscular vein（68.8%,11/16） was higher than that in peroneal vein and posterior tibial vein（31.2%,5/16）.All thromboses in muscular vein were found by ultrasonography,and in peroneal and posterior tibial veins,2 cases with 3 calf vein thrombosis were not found by ultrasonography and identified by CV.Among 121 cases of lower extremity DVT,30 were caused PE（24.8%）.Conclusion 2D-CDFI as a non-invasive examination in calf veins should be examined routinely.It is important to prevent effectively occurance of PE.

关 键 词：下肢深静脉血栓 二维彩色多普勒超声 肺栓塞 

分 类 号：R445.1[医药卫生—影像医学与核医学]