拾得信用卡使用行为的犯罪问题  

Criminal Problem of the Act of Using a Picked-up Credit Card

作　　者：张小虎[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学法学院

出　　处：《犯罪研究》2008年第5期10-18,28,共10页Chinese Criminology Review

摘　　要：行为人拾得信用卡,在不同场合分别具有并非占有钱款与视作占有钱款的性质;而视作占有钱款与实际占有钱款毕竟有所差异,进而并不排除虽有视作占有钱款的前提,而对实际占有钱款的行为仍可予以否定评价。行为人输入正确密码、模仿持卡人签名而使用他人信用卡的行为,实质上属于掩盖自己不是持卡人的事实真相,致使支付方误认行为人为持卡人的欺骗。行为人以非法占有为目的,输入密码、模仿签名而使用拾得的信用卡,获取钱财数额较大,完全符合《刑法》第196条第1款"冒用他人信用卡""进行信用卡诈骗活动,数额较大"的规定,构成信用卡诈骗罪。基于刑法理论根基与我国刑法具体规定,类似的案件即使发生在ATM机上也应成立信用卡诈骗罪,而不构成盗窃罪。随着社会的发展、科技的进步,ATM机可以被骗并不违背实际事理逻辑;许多国家的刑法典并未否定针对智能机器的欺骗行为。Person who pick up the credit card, can be considered as obtaining money or not acorrding to the different situation. And there is also difference between being considered as obtaining money and the real obtaining of money. Using other＇s credit card by putting the right password, counterfeitting the signature, is in fact one fraud in which the person pretends to be the real possessor. And if the involved money is up to certain amount, this behavior should belong to the credit card fraud according to the Chinese Penal Code. Based on Chinese penal theory, the siminal case happened on the ATM should belong to the credit card fraud, too.

关 键 词：冒用信用卡 信用卡诈骗 诈骗ATM机 

分 类 号：D924.3[政治法律—刑法学]