γ射线辐射诱变培育杨树耐盐新品系  

BREEDING OF NEW VARIETY OF SALT-TOLERANT POPLAR FROM γ RADIATION INDUCED MUTANTS

作　　者：宋学孟 董举文 陈丽 唐寅 邵云华[2] 刘德玺 

机构地区：[1]上海光兆工业森林生物科技集团有限公司,上海200000 [2]山东农业大学植保学院,山东泰安271018 [3]山东省林业局林科院盐碱试验站,山东寿光262700

出　　处：《山东农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2008年第4期517-523,共7页Journal of Shandong Agricultural University：Natural Science Edition

摘　　要：本研究以“加引”组培苗茎段培养获得的胚性愈伤组织为辐射诱变材料，研究了用γ射线（^60Co）辐射诱变并在含盐培养基上定向筛选耐盐变异体的方法。试验比较了茎段、叶片和叶柄等不同器官材料诱导胚性愈伤组织的效果，发现以茎段的胚性愈伤诱导率最高，达到100％；愈伤分化培养48h后开始有胚性细胞分化，72～96h有大量胚性细胞形成，是进行γ射线辐射处理的最佳时期；通过不同辐射处理剂量比较分析发现30Gy较接近半致死剂量；经过辐射后的胚性愈伤分别在附加NaCl0．4％、0．8％、0．5％的培养基上进行分化、继代、生根培养来定向筛选耐盐变异体。本试验通过诱变筛选得到生根试管苗460株，通过在含盐量0．4％-0．5％的人工盐池里进一步筛选获得1个既耐盐又速生的优系——“耐盐碱光兆1号杨”。其植株水平的试管内耐盐性检测的结果表明，耐盐碱光兆1号杨比亲本的耐盐性明显提高；在山东盐碱地上立地试验结果显示在相同含盐量的盐碱地上其速生性超过了中天杨和107杨两个对照品种。JIAYIN Poplar embryonic calli were treated with γ-radiation to induce the salt- tolerant mutants through tissue culture and directional selection. The research into the capacity of stem, leaf and leafstalk to induce embryonic calli showed that the stem was the highest one with 100% calli induction rate. The embryonic calli occurred when the calli were cultured at the medium of differentiation for 48 hours, and reached to large quantity in 72 - 96 hours, meantime was the appropriate time for γ- radiation treatment. The study of the dosage for γ - radiation treatment showed that 30 Gy was the Semi - lethal dose. To select saline tolerant mutants, the treated embryonic calli were selected by culturing at a medium containing 0.4% NaCI for differentiation, twice at a medium containing 0.8% NaCI for buds subculture, and at a medium containing 0.5% NaCl for rooting. Finally 460 rooting plantlets were obtained, and one line which can both grow fast and have higher capability of saline tolerance was obtained after selection in artificial saline soil. The line was named Salt - tolerant Poplar GUANGZHAO NO. 1. The test for the salt tolerance of this line showed that it had a higher capability of salt tolerance than other Poplar in vitro, and grew faster than ZHONGTIAN and 107 Poplar in field trial on saline land.

关 键 词：Γ射线 杨树 胚性愈伤组织 半致死剂量 定向筛选 耐盐变异体 

分 类 号：S813.3[农业科学—畜牧学]