西藏墨头鱼泌尿系统结构  

The Structure of the Urinary System of Garrakempi hora

作　　者：温龙岚[1,2] 石禹[1] 王志坚[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学生命科学学院水产科学重庆市市级重点实验室三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室,重庆400715 [2]遵义师范学院生物系,贵州遵义563002

出　　处：《重庆师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2008年第4期8-11,F0002,共5页Journal of Chongqing Normal University:Natural Science

基　　金：中国科学院水生生物研究所委托项目:西藏部分鱼类生物学研究(2005)

摘　　要：采用常规组织学方法对西藏墨头鱼的泌尿系统进行了研究。结果表明:西藏墨头鱼的泌尿系统包括中肾、输尿管和膀胱。中肾由肾单位、集合管以及拟淋巴组织组成。其中肾单位的肾小体直径为(70.2±7.8)μm,随机分布于肾组织中。肾小管分为第一近端小管、第二近端小管和远端小管。拟淋巴组织中黑色素巨噬细胞较少,无甲状腺滤泡分布。输尿管位于肾腹面两侧,粘膜上皮为单层柱状上皮,未见粘膜下层,肌层由环肌和纵肌组成。膀胱为输尿管膀胱,膀胱粘膜上皮中有分泌细胞分布。结果也显示,西藏墨头鱼肾脏的组织结构与低海拔地区生活的淡水鱼类相比并无特殊之处。通过对几种淡水鱼相关数据的对比,提出了淡水鱼肾小体的大小与其体型大小存在一定关系的观点,即体型越大,肾小体平均直径越小。Garrakempi hora lives in Qingzang plateau,with distribution in Chayu and Motuo of Xizang. Up to present, the related researches about the urinary system have not been found. The urinary system of Garrakempi hora is studied by using the light microscopic technique. The result has revealed that the urinary system is consisted of kidney, ureter and bladder. The mesonephros shape is flat and the cocrescence of both the right and the left of it is complete. Mesonephros includes nephron, collecting canals and lymphoid tissue. The diameter of renal corpuscles is （70.2 ± 7.8 ） μm, it is typical trait of freshwater fish. The Renal corpuscles distribute in the kidney tissue at random. So the kidney can not be divided into the kidney cortex and medulla. The Renal tubule is divided into first proximal tubule, second proximal tubule and distal tubule. Its neck region and intermediate segment have not been found. There are many lymphoid tissues in kidney of Garrakempi hora. In the lymphoid tissue, there is few melanin macrophages, with no hypothyroid follicle. Ureters lay at the two sides of the ventral part of the kidney. The epithelium of the mucous membrane is single layer columnar epithelium, and there is no submucous layer. Muscular layer is composed of circular muscles and longitudinal muscles. The urinary bladder is of the tubal bladder type, and there are secretory cells in the epithelium of the bladder mucous membrane. The results also show that the urinary systems organizational structure of Garrakempi hora compared with low-lying areas fish has no special difference. Comparison of the data of fishes delivers the thought that there is relationship between the size of fish and size of renal corpuscles. That is to say： the bigger is the size, the smaller is the diameter of the renal corpuscles.

关 键 词：西藏墨头鱼 泌尿系统 拟淋巴组织 

分 类 号：Q959.468[生物学—动物学] Q954.591