母婴血铅水平相关性及其影响因素的研究  

Correlation of blood lead level between mothers and their newborns and their influential factors

作　　者：蔺建英[1,2] 王文英[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西省晋中市第二人民医院儿科,太谷030800 [2]山西医科大学第一临床医学院儿科

出　　处：《山西医科大学学报》2008年第10期909-911,共3页Journal of Shanxi Medical University

摘　　要：目的了解新生儿血铅与母亲血铅水平相关性及其影响因素。方法采用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测母-婴血铅值,以面谈问卷的形式对60例产妇进行社会环境和家庭生活因素调查,并对测得的血铅值及调查表内容进行相关性分析。结果60例新生儿中血铅最高值为162.5μg/L,最低值为12μg/L,均值为75.52μg/L,脐血铅值超过相对安全水平(100μg/L)的15例,占总例数的25%,新生儿脐血铅水平与其母血铅水平呈正相关(r=0.812,P<0.001);新生儿血铅水平与被动吸烟、吃皮蛋、丈夫饮酒、丈夫吸烟、房屋装潢、喝牛奶、孕期补钙等因素有显著相关性;多元Logistic回归分析发现,被动吸烟、孕期补钙在考虑了各个因素的交互作用后仍有统计学意义,其中被动吸烟为危险因素,孕期补钙为保护因素。结论新生儿血铅水平与母亲血铅及环境因素、孕期保健等因素有关。加强健康教育和孕妇孕期保健是预防新生儿铅中毒的有效途径。Objective To investigate the relationship of blood lead levels between newborns and their mothers, and to explore the influential factors. Methods The blood lead levels of 60 newborns and their mothers were measured using graphite oven atomic absorption spectrometry. Environmental factors of 60 mothers and habits of their family life were investigated using questionnaires. The relationship of the blood lead level between mothers and their newborns, and their influential factors were analyzed, Results （1）The highest level of newborn blood lead was 162.5 μg/L, the lowest level was 12 μg/L, and the average level was 75.52 μg/L. Among 60 newborns,the blood lead level was more than 100 μg/L in 15 cases （25%）. （2）The newborn cord blood lead level was positively related to those of their mothers（ r = 0. 812, P 〈 0. 001 ）. （31）The newborn blood lead levels were significantly correlated to passive smoking, eating preserved eggs, husband smoking, husband drinking, house decorating, drinking milk and calcium supplementation during pregnancy. Multiple regression analysis showed that passive smoking and calcium supplement during pregnancy were significantly different. Passive smoking was a risk factor,and calcium supplement during pregnancy was a protective factor. Conclusion The blood lead levels of newborns are related to those of their mothers, environmental factors and health care during pregnancy of their mothers. Healthy education and care during pregnancy are effective approaches for preventing lead poisoning.

关 键 词：血铅 新生儿 铅暴露 

分 类 号：R174.1[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] R595.2[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]