牛膝总皂甙对早孕小白鼠的繁殖毒性  

On reproductive toxicity of total saponins of achyranthes(TSA) from Achyranthes bidentata on early gestationperiod of mice

作　　者：卜书海[1] 郑雪莉[2] 张宏利[2] 杨清娥[2] 韩崇选[2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学生命科学学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学林学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2008年第10期34-38,共5页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技攻关项目(2005BA529A05);西北农林科技大学青年科研专项(04zm023);林业公益性行业科研专项(200704012)

摘　　要：【目的】研究牛膝总皂甙(TSA)对早孕小白鼠的繁殖毒性与适口性,为进一步开发利用牛膝植物资源、研制开发新型植物源性灭鼠药品奠定基础。【方法】采用1 000,500和250 mg/kg剂量的TSA,对早孕期小鼠连续灌胃处理5 d,然后检查小鼠的妊娠与胚胎发育情况;向饲料中按质量分数0.5%,1%和2%添加TSA,采用饲料混毒法测定TSA对小白鼠的适口性。【结果】在试验期间,早孕小鼠体增重随TSA剂量增加有降低的趋势,甚至出现负增长,但其对试鼠的采食量没有明显影响;TSA中、高剂量组(500和1 000 mg/kg)能够引起小鼠子宫重量降低及肝、肾和脾脏的损伤;随着灌胃剂量的增加,TSA呈现明显的抗早孕作用,最高剂量组抗小鼠早孕活性最好,雌鼠终止妊娠率和死胎率分别为91.75%和89.39%;适口性试验表明,饵料中TSA的质量分数为1%和0.5%时,试鼠的摄食系数分别为0.35和0.47。【结论】TSA对试鼠有较好的抗早孕活性及较好的适口性,可作为一种新的植物源鼠类不育剂加以研究利用。【Objective】 Total saponins of achyranthes（TSA）,isolated from Achyranthis bidentata Blume,was investigated for the reproductive toxicity and edibility in the female mice during the early pregnant period.It was based on utilizing further Achyranthis bidentata Blume resource,and finding a new Banic sterilant against pest rodents.【Method】 The female mice were treated by oral gavage with total saponins of achyranthes（250,500 and 1 000 mg/kg） during early gestation period once a day within 5 successive days.Reproductive organ weights,maternal body weights,rate of termination of pregnancy and the number of dead embryos as well as visceral histological damages were evaluated.The clinical signs of TSA toxicity were detected throughout the treatment period in all treated groups.The based diets were supplemented with 0.5%,1% and 2%（m∶m） TSA respectively.The method of mixing pulverized plants directly into fodder was adopted to determine the edibality.【Result】 The body weight gains of pregnant mice were gradually decreased with the increasing of the dosages of TSA.Oral administration of TSA（500 and 1 000 mg/kg） also caused a significant decrease in uterine weight compared with that of the control mice（P〈0.05）,and the histological structures were damaged in the kidney,spleen and liver.TSA had significant anti-fertility activity with dose-dependent way.The anti-fertility activity of TSA was the most significant in the highest dose group（1 000 mg/kg） compared with that of the control group（P〈0.01）.The rate of termination of pregnancy,and the rate of fetal mortality were 91.75% and 89.39% respectively.Meanwhile,intake coefficients to food respectively were 0.35 and 0.47 at 1% and 0.5% degree of TSA.【Conclusion】 It had significant antifertility activity and good edibility on females.So Achyranthes bidentata can be exploited to a new and effective Botanic sterilant against pest rodents.

关 键 词：牛膝总皂甙(TSA) 小鼠 繁殖毒性 抗早孕 

分 类 号：S859.82[农业科学—临床兽医学]