温州市1999—2006年血液透析状况及其变化调查  

Investigation of the status and change pattern of hemodialysis in Wenzhou area of China, 1999-2006

作　　者：刘毅[1] 陈莉[2] 郑尘非[1] 徐玉兰[1] 王绿萍[1] 梅晓蓉[1] 

机构地区：[1]温州医学院附属第一医院肾内科,325000 [2]湖南省第二人民医院肾内科

出　　处：《中华肾脏病杂志》2008年第10期706-710,共5页Chinese Journal of Nephrology

摘　　要：目的了解温州市1999—2006年血液透析状况及其变化。方法收集1999年1月至2006年12月温州市18家医院血液透析中心的数据，回顾性研究温州市终末期肾脏疾病（ESRD）血液透析（HD）患者发病人数、患病人数和死亡人数，原发疾病构成及其相关因素的变迁。结果温州市血液透析患者年发病人数、患病人数逐年增加，年死亡人数相对稳定。各年度患者男性均多于女性，但男女比例有逐年下降趋势；青年组、老年组有增长趋势。慢性肾炎导致的ESRD的比例虽然在逐年下降，但仍然是ESRD血液透析的主蛩病因。糖尿病和高血压所占比例在逐年上升。血液透析患者透析龄的构成比，1～2年组逐年下降，〈1年、2～3年、3～4年组均相对稳定，4～5年、5～10年、〉10年组均呈增长趋势。肾移植及改作腹膜透析人数逐年均有所增长。心血管事件居死囚之首，占19．9％；第2、3位为啮血管意外与全身衰竭，各占10．8％；第4位为出血性疾病，占4．7％；第5位为感染性疾病，占4．3％。1999—2006年心血管、脑血管事件构成比均相对稳定；仝身衰竭、出血性疾病则波动较大；感染、营养小良所占比例有下降趋势。结论温州市血液透析患者数量在逐年增加，呈年轻化和老年化趋势现象。慢性肾炎仍然是主要病因，糖尿病和高血压所占比例在逐年上升。血液透析患者长期存活率逐年提高。首要死亡原因为心血管事件。Objective To investigate the current status and changing patterns of hemodialysis in Wenzhou areas of China from 1999 to 2006. Methods Data of blood purification centres of 18 hospitals in Wenzhou areas from 1999 to 2006 were collected. The incidence, prevalence, mortality, the etiology and the relevant factors such as age, gender, dialysis ages, outcomes and causes of death in end stage renal disease（ESRD） patients on hemodialysis（HD） were analyzed retrospectively. Results The incident number and the number of patients increased annually while the mortality remained steady. The male patients outnumbered the female every year, but the male/female ratio was decreasing. The percentage of both young and oldly patients was increasing. The first cause was chronic glomerulonepbritis, although the eonstituent ratio of glomerulonephritis decreased year by year. The constituent ratio of diabetic nephropathy and hypertensive nephropathy increased. The constituent ratio of dialysis age 1-2 years group decreased,≤1 year, 2-3 years, 3-4 years groups were relatively steady, and 4-5 years, 5-10 years, 〉10 years groups increased. The number of patients receiving renal transplantation and transferring to peritoneal dialysis increased annually. The leading cause of death was cardiovascular incidence （19.9%）, followed by cerebrovascular disorder （10.8%）, systemic failure （10.8%）, hemorrhagic diseases（4.7%） and infectious diseases（4.3%）. The constituent ratio of cardiovascular incidence and cerebrovaseular disorder were relatively steady. The constituent ratio of hemorrhagic diseases and systemic failure showed great fluctuation. The constituent ratio of infectious diseases and malnutrition was decreasing. Conclusions In Wenzhou area from 1999 to 2006, the patients number has been increasing annually. The onset age of HD is 30-70 years old, and proves a younger tendency and ohter tendency. The leading cause is chronic glomerulonephritis. The constituent ratio of diabetic nephropathy and hypertensive n

关 键 词：尿毒症 血液透析 流行病学 中国温州 

分 类 号：R459.5[医药卫生—治疗学]