反应性乳化剂十二醇马来酸钠的合成及其性能研究  

Study of the Synthesis of Reactive Emulsifier Dodecanol Maleic Anhydride Sodium and Its Properties

作　　者：邓剑如[1] 申红光[1] 喻鸿钢[1] 彭芳华[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南大学化学化工学院,湖南长沙410082

出　　处：《湖南大学学报（自然科学版）》2008年第10期55-59,共5页Journal of Hunan University:Natural Sciences

基　　金：国防预研基金资助项目(9140A28020506JW3201)

摘　　要：首先利用十二醇(DA)和马来酸酐(MLAD)通过酯化反应合成单酯,然后加碱中和制得反应性乳化剂十二醇马来酸钠,得到了本反应最佳工艺条件.试验结果表明,当催化剂含量为醇酸总质量的1%,醇酸摩尔比为1∶1,反应温度为80℃,反应时间为3 h时,所得粗产物中十二醇马来酸单酯的含量最高.对自制的反应性乳化剂进行了乳化力测试,试验结果表明,自制反应性乳化剂乳化力优于常用的阴离子乳化剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS).用最大气泡法测溶液表面张力,得其临界胶束浓度为8 mmol/L.用半连续种子乳液聚合法制得乳液,试验结果表明,与传统乳液聚合相比,由反应性乳化剂制得乳液聚合物的剪切强度、抗水性能、抗污性能、透明性都有明显改善.Dodecanol maleic anhydride-monoester was first synthesized. And then, it was neutralized with sodium hydroxide to produce reactive emulsifier dodecanol maleic anhydride sodium. Meanwhile, the optimum reaction condition was obtained. When the catalyst content was 1%, the mole ratio （dodecanol：maleic anhy- dride） was 1.0, reaction temperature was 80 ℃ , and the reaction time was 3 h,the maximum content of dodecand maleic anhydride-monoester was achieved. Its emulsification was mensurated. The test result showed that it was better than usual anion emulsifier sodium lauryl sulfate. The max bladder method was used to measure the surface tension of the solution, and the critical micelle concentration （CMC） was 8 mmol per liter. At last, the emulsion polymer was sythesized via semi-continuous seeded emulsion polymerization. Test results showed that, compared with conventional emulsion polymerization, the shear intensity, water resistance, dirt resistance and transparency of the emulsion synthesized were markedly improved.

关 键 词：反应性乳化剂 表面张力 十二醇 马来酸酐 性能 

分 类 号：TQ423[化学工程]