DNA修复的表观遗传学调控  

Epigenetic Regulation of DNA Repair

作　　者：黄庆雷[1,2] 焦仁杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生物物理研究所,北京100101 [2]中国科学技术大学生命科学学院,合肥230027

出　　处：《生物化学与生物物理进展》2008年第10期1121-1130,共10页Progress In Biochemistry and Biophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30623005,90608029,30771217);国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(973)(2005CB522804,2006CB910903);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KSCX1-YW-R-70)资助~~

摘　　要：表观遗传学信息的改变是导致人类肿瘤形成的重要因素之一.基因组的稳定性经常会受到DNA损伤的威胁.然而,高度致密的染色质结构却极大地妨碍了DNA修复的进行.因此,真核生物细胞中必须有一个精确的机制来克服染色质这一天然的屏障.其中,组蛋白的共价修饰和ATP-依赖的染色质重塑通过改变染色质的结构,对DNA修复进程起着关键的调控作用.介绍了DNA修复过程中,发生在表观遗传学方面的主要调控过程,特别阐述了在DNA双链断裂损伤应答和修复过程中,组蛋白修饰和染色质重塑方面最新的研究进展,并对今后的发展方向进行了讨论.Epigenetic changes are important etiological factors of human tumor. The integrity of the genome is frequently challenged by the damage of DNA. However, the highly condensed structure of chromatin imposes significant obstacles on the repair processes. Eukaryotes have developed intricate mechanisms to overcome this repressive barrier imposed by chromatin. Covalent histone modifications and ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling play important roles in the process of DNA repair. Recent advances of the epigenetic regulations in the repair process were summarized. New findings in the cellular responses to DNA double strand breaks and how histone modifications and chromatin remodeling contributes to DNA double strand break repair were introduced. Future challenges in this field are also discussed.

关 键 词：DNA双链断裂 DNA修复 表观遗传学调控 组蛋白修饰 染色质重塑 

分 类 号：Q343[生物学—遗传学]