武汉市2005-2007年学校和幼儿园传染病监测结果分析  

Analysis of the Results of Surveillance on Communicable Diseases in Schools and Kindergartens from 2005 to 2007 in Wuhan City

作　　者：余滨[1] 陈剑[1] 罗同勇[1] 周敦金[1] 陈邦华[1] 刘普林[1] 李秋玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖北省武汉市疾病预防控制中心,430022

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2008年第10期925-926,928,共3页Chinese Journal of School Health

摘　　要：目的了解武汉市中小学、幼儿园儿童常见传染病发病特点,为采取有效控制措施提供科学依据。方法采用分层抽样法,将武汉市学校分为中学、小学、幼儿园3层,结合学校学生规模,共抽取117所中小学、幼儿园作为全市的监测点,进行常见传染病监测。下载《中国疾病预防控制信息系统》中的有关信息,对学龄儿童和托幼儿童常见传染病进行分析,并与监测数据进行比较。结果学校和幼儿园传染病发病以水痘、流行性腮腺炎等呼吸道传染病为主;全市2005-2007年突发公共卫生事件有66.67%发生在学校和幼儿园;学校传染病爆发疫情中呼吸道传染病占85.71%,有64.29%发生在小学;加强医疗机构传染病报告卡的登记也是发现学校传染病爆发疫情的重要途径。结论学校和幼儿园常见传染病监测结果能够较真实反应出学校传染病流行情况,弥补疫情报告系统之不足。加强儿童呼吸道传染病疫苗的接种,提高免疫覆盖率,是保护儿童健康成长经济有效的手段。Objective To understand the epidemic characteristies of common communicable diseases in schools and kindergartens and to take effective control in Wuhan city. Methods Totally 117 middle schools, primary schools and kindergartens were sampled to monitor common conta- gious diseases by stratified sampling. Data from Chinese disease prevention and contrel information system on school-aged children and preschool-aged children were download and compared to the surveillance data. Results Most of school and kindergarten epidemic diseases were respiratory infectious diseases such as chicken pox, nmmps. About 66.67% of public heahh emergencies occurred in schools and kindergartens from 2005 to 2007 in Wuhan city. Respiratory infectious diseases took 85.71% of epidemic outbreaks in schools, 64.29% of which took place in primary schools. It was important appreach for detecting school outbreaks to enhance infectious disease register in medical institutions. Conclusion The results of surveillance on common contagious diseases can really reflect epidemic status of school infectious diseases. It is economical and effective measure for protecting children health to strengthen ehildren＇s vaccinating against respiratory, infectious diseases.

关 键 词：传染病 人群监测 患病率 学生保健服务 

分 类 号：R183[医药卫生—流行病学]