烟草与白花曼陀罗属间远缘杂种后代化学成分的研究  

Chemical Components in the Intergeneric Hybrid between Tobacco and Medicinal Plant Datura metel L.

作　　者：魏克强[1] 宋欣[2,3] 杨俊仙[4,3] 魏治中[3] 

机构地区：[1]山西大学生命科学与技术学院,太原030006 [2]河北保定师范专科学校涿州分校,涿州072750 [3]山西农业大学农学院,太谷030801 [4]山西大学经济与工商管理学院,太原030006

出　　处：《天然产物研究与开发》2008年第5期778-781,792,共5页Natural Product Research and Development

基　　金：国家烟草专卖局重点科技项目(110199901005);山西省科技产业化环境建设项目(2006071033);山西大学引进博士科研启动基金项目(2005)

摘　　要：为缓解吸烟与健康的矛盾,通过常规育种的方法将普通烟草品种78-04与药用植物白花曼陀罗(Datura metel L.)进行属间远缘杂交育种,对选育出的新型烟草品系长柄曼陀罗烟(Mantuoluo tobacco)的内在化学成分和药用成分进行分析。酯酶同工酶和RAPD分析证实,长柄曼陀罗烟中转入了亲本药用植物的遗传物质。烟叶内在化学成分及药用成分分析显示,长柄曼陀罗烟具有低糖、中高烟碱,含有东莨菪碱和阿托品等药用成分的特点。普通烟草与白花曼陀罗属间远缘杂交能创造变异、产生烟草新类型,对降低卷烟产品的危害性具有一定作用。In order to release the contradiction between smoking and smoker＇s health ,the distant hybridization between tobacco and medical plants was expected to incubate a new-type tobacco that included medicinal ingredients. An intergeneric hybridization designated as Mantuoluo tobacco was made between 78-04 （ a variety of Nicotiana tobacum L. ） and medicinal plant Datura metel L. with traditional breeding method. Analysis of esterase isozyme and RAPD in parents and their filial generation proved that heredity substance in medical plant Datura metel L. was introduced into Mantuoluo tobacco. Results of the analysis of chemical components showed that Mantuoluo tobacco had low-sugar, middle or high nicotine content and new medicinal ingredients, such as scoplamine and atropine. This study indicated that hybridization between tobacco and Datura metel L. could induce variation and generate a new-type tobacco, which is potential to reduce harmfulness of traditional cigarette.

关 键 词：烟草 白花曼陀罗 长柄曼陀罗烟 同工酶 RAPD 药用成分 

分 类 号：R284.1[医药卫生—中药学] Q946.91[医药卫生—中医学]