非对称齿廓齿轮弯曲疲劳强度理论分析与试验  

Theoretical Analysis and Experiment for Asymmetric Gear on Bending Fatigue Strength

作　　者：肖望强[1] 李威[2] 韩建友[2] 段东平[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院过程工程研究所,北京100190 [2]北京科技大学机械工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2008年第10期44-50,共7页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50575021)。

摘　　要：为提高齿轮承载能力设计齿轮两侧压力角不等的非对称渐开线新齿形,推导双压力角非对称齿廓齿轮工作齿侧与非工作齿侧的渐开线齿廓方程和齿根过渡曲线方程,通过迭代计算和优化策略提出非对称齿廓齿轮疲劳强度解析法计算公式。编制生成非对称齿轮齿廓的参数化程序,在此基础上建立非对称齿廓齿轮有限元分析模型。通过解析法对不同压力角组合的非对称齿廓齿轮弯曲应力和危险截面位置计算得出,随着工作齿侧压力角的增大齿根最大弯曲应力逐渐降低,单齿啮合区向齿顶偏移;通过对有限元模型进行计算得出的结果与解析法一致,应用最小二乘法拟合出非对称齿廓齿轮齿根弯曲应力随工作齿侧压力角变化的计算公式。采用数控电火花线切割方法加工制造非对称与标准齿廓齿轮,在高频疲劳试验机上采用双齿脉动加载方法对其进行疲劳强度试验。试验结果表明,非对称齿廓齿轮在相同寿命下比对称齿轮极限载荷提高了50%,非对称齿廓齿轮的应力值变化趋势与前两种方法是一致的。In order to increase bending load capacity, a new-style asymmetric gear with different pressure angles is designed and involute profile equations and transition curve equations of tooth root of driving side and coast side for asymmetric gear are proposed. Through iteration algorithm and optimization strategy, the analytic calculation formula of tooth root bending stress for asymmetric gear is presented. Based on parametric programs of total tooth profile, a finite element model for asymmetric gear is built. By analytic calculation of tooth root bending stress and dangerous section position for several combinations of pressure angles, the results show that the maximum tensile stress at the tooth root decreases and single tooth mesh area moves towards tooth tip with increase of pressure angle of driving side. The calculation results using finite element method are similar to analytic method and the formula for tooth root bending stress vs. pressure angle of asymmetric gear is determined by the least squares method. By wire electrical discharge machining, the symmetric gear and asymmetric gear are manufactured and bending fatigue strength testing is carried on the HF fatigue-testing machine. The testing result shows that limit load of asymmetric gear increases about 50% on the same tooth life compared with symmetric gear and the bending stress transformation of tooth root is similar to the calculation results of analytic method and finite element method.

关 键 词：双压力角 非对称齿廓 齿轮传动 疲劳强度 有限元分析 

分 类 号：TH132.413[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]