沙尘环境对内燃机缸套磨损的影响规律  

Rule of the Effect of the Sand & Dust Environment on Cylinder Wear in Internal-combustion Engine

作　　者：钟振远[1] 马华旸[1] 张优云[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学润滑理论及轴承研究所,西安710049

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2008年第10期182-186,195,共6页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(50375115);国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划;2006AA04Z420)资助项目。

摘　　要：为研究含颗粒润滑油对内燃机润滑性能的影响,以内燃机中重要的摩擦副——缸套活塞摩擦副为研究对象,利用自行搭建的试验台,模拟中国西部典型的多沙尘气候条件,设计并进行沙尘环境下内燃机缸套的磨损试验。通过测量磨合后、正常条件及含颗粒条件运行后缸套内表面形貌,比较分析得出沙尘颗粒对于缸套磨损的影响规律:沙尘颗粒的存在破坏了缸套—活塞系的润滑系统,造成局部润滑不良,加剧了缸套的局部磨损,而且活塞主推力边一侧缸套的磨损异常严重,形成严重偏磨;沙尘颗粒导致缸套产生了较为严重的磨粒磨损和切削磨损,产生了较大片状和长条状颗粒。油样铁谱分析进一步表明,沙尘颗粒加剧了缸套的磨损程度,并且沙尘颗粒的存在容易导致缸套的磨粒磨损。试验结果为进一步研究沙尘环境对内燃机缸套磨损的影响规律提供实际参考。Particle contaminated lubricating oil has a great effect on the performance of piston-liner. Sand and dust climates are typical in Western China, which are simulated by a self-built test bed. Taking piston-liner, an important friction pair in internal-combustion engine, as research object, experiments are planned and performed considering the effect of sand and dust for liner. Surface morphology of the inner surface of liner is measured after running-in, 100 hours running under normal condition and 100 hours running under sand and dust contaminated condition respectively. By analyzing the test results, conclusions are obtained that the presence of sand and dust in lubricating oil destroy the lubricating condition of the piston -liner, speeds up the wear of liner, especially on the major thrust side, and increases partial wear greatly. Ferrographic analyses of used lubricating oil also testify to the abrasion of liner caused by sand and dust particles. The experiment results provide practical help for further theoretical research of the effect that sand and dust contaminated lubricating oil has on liner in engine.

关 键 词：磨损 活塞—缸套系统 颗粒 表面形貌 

分 类 号：TK414.1[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程] TH117.1[机械工程—机械设计及理论]