洞庭湖滩涂和草甸沼泽湿地调蓄水量的功能研究  

Study on Function of Water Storage and Regulation of Dongting Lake Beaches and Meadow Marsh Wetlands

作　　者：康文星[1] 何介南[1] 席宏正[2] 

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学,长沙410004 [2]湖南大学,长沙410008

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2008年第5期209-212,216,共5页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家科技部平台建设项目(20021220);国家林业局重点项目(200107)

摘　　要：利用洞庭湖及周围6个水文站有关资料,研究了洞庭湖滩涂和草甸沼泽湿地调蓄水量的功能。结果表明:东洞庭湖滩涂和草甸沼泽湿地调蓄水量81.03×108m3,南洞庭湖59.66×108m3,西洞庭湖21.30×108m3,共计调蓄水量161.99×108m3;湿地蓄水能力随水位高程而变化,但变化速率不一,低水位时随水位升高,湿地蓄水面积和蓄水量缓慢增加,到达一定高度,蓄水面积和蓄水量都迅速增大,再上升到某一高度,蓄水面积增加率急剧下降,蓄水量增加率趋向稳定;枯水期,湿地蓄水的主要服务对象为维护生物多样性和动、植物的生存用水(17.42×108m3),平水期服务主要对象为生产、生活用水(35.60×108m3),汛期的主要服务对象为调蓄洪水(108.97×108m3)。洞庭湖滩涂和草甸沼泽湿地蓄水服务功能有近2/3用在调蓄洪水量上。利用"等效益相关替代法"和"影子价格法"评估了洞庭湖湿地蓄水服务功能价值为31.27×108元。The functions of the water storage and regulation of Dongting Lake beaches and meadow marsh wetlands are analyzed by the use of hydrological data of the six hydrometric stations around Dongting Lake. The results show. 1） the water storage and regulation in Dongting Lake is 161.99 × 108 m^3 , （81.03^ 108 m^3 in eastern, 59.66× 108 m^3 in southern and 21.30× 108 m^3 in western）; 2）water holding capacity of the wetland varies from the variety of the water level, but the rate of it is not the same, with the water level increase, the change rate of the storage area and the water storage of wetland increases slowly, then rapidly, at last, the former decreases rapidly and the latter tends a constant; 3）the water storage of the wetland mainly serves for keeping the biodiversity and the creature＇s living（17. 42× 108 m^3） in low water period, for man＇s producing and living（35.60× 10s m^3 ）in mid water period and for storing and regulating flood（10^8. 97 × 10^8 m^3 ,occupying two thirds in total） in high water period; 4）it is worth 31.27× 108 Yuan that the service function value of the water storage and regulation of Dongting Lake costs with using equivalency benefits substitute method and shadow .rice method to evaluate.

关 键 词：湿地 调蓄水量 服务功能 洞庭湖 

分 类 号：P333.1[天文地球—水文科学]