高精度GPS，三维激光扫描和测针板三种测量技术监测沟蚀过程的对比研究  

Comparative Study of Monitoring Gully Erosion Morphology Change Process by Using High Precision GPS,Leica HDS 3000 Laser Scanner and Needle Board Method

作　　者：张鹏[1,2] 郑粉莉[1,2] 王彬[1,2] 陈吉强[1,2] 丁晓斌[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2008年第5期11-15,20,共6页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2007CB407201);国家自然科学基金重点项目(40335050);黄河水利委员会治黄专项项目[黄水保(2006)51]

摘　　要：采用连续模拟降雨试验,对坡沟系统概化模型进行坡面沟蚀发育过程模拟,再现坡面片蚀—细沟侵蚀—切沟侵蚀演变过程。结合3种测量技术从测量精度、测量人员要求、数据处理、数据通用性、配套软件使用、前期投入、测量条件等几个方面入手,对比分析高精度GPS(Trimble 5700)、三维激光扫描仪(Leica HDS 3000)和测针板的3种测量方法的优缺点,同时对3种测量方法在沟蚀过程监测和侵蚀量估算方面进行对比研究。结果表明,激光扫描仪能很好地监测沟蚀演变过程,且对侵蚀量估算精度较高,误差仅为4.5%。高精度GPS也能很好地监测沟蚀演变过程,对侵蚀量估算精度误差为7.38%。测针板法不能很好的反映沟蚀演变过程,但是对于侵蚀量的估算可以满足日常要求,误差为-12.78%。The development process of slope gully erosion was simulated to understand the generalized model of slope-gully system in Ansai comprehensive experimental station by using the method of continuous simulated rainfall. The erosion processes from sheet erosion, rill erosion, and to gully erosion were represented as well. Advantages and disadvantages of the three measuring technologies ofGPS, Leica HDS3000 laser scanner, and measuring needle plate method were contrasted from the aspects of measuring accuracy, requirements of survey crew, data processing, data generality, software application, previous investment, and measurement conditions.

关 键 词：GPS(Trimble5700) LEICA HDS 3000激光扫描仪 测针板 测量方法 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学] P204[农业科学—农业基础科学]