干旱区竖井灌排下盐分运移对地下水质的影响——以新疆哈密盆地为例  

Impact of Salinity Movement Under Shaft Well Irrigation and Drainage on Groundwater Quality in Arid Area

作　　者：杨鹏年[1] 董新光[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学水利与土木工程学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2008年第5期118-121,共4页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：教育部科学技术研究重点项目(206164);新疆维吾尔自治区高等学校科研计划项目(XJEDU2005I11);973国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2007CB416604);新疆水利水电工程重点学科项目

摘　　要：利用MODFLOW和MT3DMS软件对竖井灌排下的地下水量与水质变化趋势进行了模拟。计算结果表明,尽管这一工程措施在一定时期内可起到控制地下水位与降低表层土壤盐分作用,但从长远来看,由于水平排水的缺失,盐分从土壤表层下移到了中下层而并未被彻底地排出灌区,仍会在包气带某一层位或地下水中富集。一旦灌区的外部条件发生变化,盐分上移则会使土壤盐碱化,下移则使地下水质恶化。因此,对于竖井灌排区来说,有必要建立一套相应的监测系统,实时调控地下水开采量与水位,寻求一个即可使耕作层盐分控制在一定范围内,地下水咸化速率不致过快,同时又保持一定径流排盐作用的平衡区域,可能是今后面临的一种选择,从而将水盐自然运移规律改变后引发的生态与环境危害限制在可控范围。The characteristics of groundwater movement and its quality after shaft well irrigation and drainage in Hami basin, Xinjiang Wei Automous Region are analyzed by using MODFLOW and MT3DMS. Calculated results show that the shaft wells make groundwater level to decline, but salinity may exist in unsaturated zone without horizontal drainage. Salinity is enriched after a long time and thus may harm the safety of soil and groundwater when the exterior conditions change. Therefore, the monitoring system should be established to guarantee stability of regional hydrogeology and to avoid environmental disasters. Actually, how to find the balance area that can control soil salinity, groundwater salinity, and falling groundwater level is the key to keep sustainable development.

关 键 词：竖井灌排 盐分运移 MODFLOW MT3DMS 

分 类 号：P641.2[天文地球—地质矿产勘探] X705[天文地球—地质学]