蔗区降雨分布与甘蔗需水及加肥灌溉效应  

Sugarcane requirement of water and effect of application fertigation on sugarcane

作　　者：谭宏伟[1] 周柳强[1] 谢如林[1] 黄美福[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西农业科学院,广西南宁530007

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2008年第5期1381-1384,共4页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2006BAD05B06-05);IPNI与IPI项目;广西自然科学基金项广西农业科学院重点基金项目[2007001(Z)];国家农业部项目(WX-2-07-13);国家科技支撑计划(2007BAD30B03)

摘　　要：甘蔗是我国主要的糖料作物,季节性干旱对我国甘蔗生产影响较大。在甘蔗种植区进行甘蔗需水量及加肥灌溉效应田间试验,结果表明:降雨的时空分布在春季和秋冬季不能满足甘蔗生长对水分的需要,以甘蔗生长的物候期计,出苗期降雨仅能满足甘蔗需水的74.4%,分蘖期降雨仅能满足甘蔗需水的68.6%,而秋季干旱少雨,成熟期降雨也仅能满足甘蔗需水的35.7%,秋旱已限制甘蔗产量;加肥灌溉有利于提高肥料利用率及甘蔗产量,并且随着施钾量的增加,甘蔗的株高、茎粗、公顷有效茎数、单茎重及蔗糖分均有所提高,与习惯施肥方式增施钾肥表现出相同的规律,但加肥灌溉条件下施钾量不宜超过正常施钾量的30%;推广甘蔗节水灌溉技术,可实现甘蔗增产增收。The sugarcane was a main sugar crop in China. The seasonality dry was a problem to influences the improvement of the output and quality of sugarcane in China. The experimental results for the water requirement and fertigation of the sugarcane showed that the distribution of the rainfall in spring, autumn and winter, could not suite the requirements for sugarcane growth. For example, it only could suite that sugarcane requirement of 74.4 % ,68.6 % and 35.7 % respectively in seedling stage ,tillefing and mature period according to sugarcane growth stage. The drought already limited the yield. Application of fertigation enhanced the utilization ratio of fertilizer, and also saved the water consumption on sugarcane.

关 键 词：甘蔗生产区 降雨分布 甘蔗需水量 加肥灌溉 

分 类 号：S566.1[农业科学—作物学]