提高沼气产量的外源添加物筛选研究  

Selection of combined additives for enhancing biogas production in anaerobic digestion

作　　者：何荣玉[1,2] 袁月祥[1] 闫志英[1] 刘晓风[1] 廖银章[1] 李旭东[1] 常影[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院成都生物研究所,成都610041 [2]中国科学院北京研究生院,北京100048 [3]北京合百意生态能源科技开发有限公司,北京100039

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2008年第10期181-185,共5页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：农业部948项目(2006-Z7);国家科技支撑计划课题(2006BAD07A02);四川省新农村建设科技富民推进行动重点项目;中国科学院西部行动项目(KZCX2-XB2-07-02)

摘　　要：目前,大部分农村沼气池存在着沼气产量不高的问题,而一些外源添加物可以通过加速厌氧发酵的水解速率或刺激产甲烷菌的新陈代谢过程提高沼气产量。该文分别以猪粪和产甲烷培养基为底物进行厌氧发酵,筛选出能提高沼气产量的外源添加物,并将其进行优化组合,得出最佳用量。试验结果表明:以猪粪为底物进行发酵时,添加啤酒糟能促进底物水解、提高产气量,前4 d的池容产气率比对照高23.17%;以产甲烷培养基为底物时,蛋白胨氨基酸等混合物(物质M)和微量元素液Ⅱ均可刺激产甲烷菌代谢、促进产气,发酵第23 d的累计产气量分别比对照高51.02%和13.37%;随后将筛选出的三种外源添加物进行以猪粪为底物的正交及验证试验,综合考虑促气效果及经济性得出最优组合为微量元素液Ⅱ10 mL/L,啤酒糟2.5 g/L,物质M 0.05 g/L,该组合在沼气池试验中能提高28.46%的产气量。该试验结果为一种沼气促进剂的研制奠定基础。In China, the problem of low biogas production exists in many digesters. But some additives could enhance the biogas production by accelerating the process of hydrolysis or methanogenesis in anaerobic digestion. In this research, different kinds of these additives were selected, and then the selected additives were combined optimally to gain a positive impact on the gas production. Swine manure and methanogenic medium were used as the selective substrates, respectively. The results showed that, beer lees could activate the hydrolysis and the gas production rate was 23.17% higher than the control in the first four days, furthermore, in methanogenic medium experiment, both substrate M and trace elements two could promote the metabolism of methanogenic bacteria, which increased by 51.02% and 13.37% in biogas production over the control in 23 days digestion, respectively. Last, the the optimal combinations obtained in orthogonal experiment were trace elements two 10 mL/L, beer lees 2.5 g/L and substrate M 0.05 g/L, which led to 28.46% increase in biogas production in the household digester experiment. This research has provided a useful reference for developing a new type of biogas accelerator.

关 键 词：外源添加物 沼气产量 筛选试验 正交试验 

分 类 号：S216.4[农业科学—农业机械化工程]