不同体积堆肥装置下的鸡粪堆肥效果研究  

Impacts of different sized lab-based reactors on the aerobic composting of chicken manure

作　　者：徐智[1] 张陇利[1] 梁丽娜[1] 王琳[2] 康文力[1] 李季[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100193 [2]河南大学环境与规划学院,开封475001

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2008年第10期205-208,共4页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：北京市生态学重点学科(XK10019440);北京都市农业学科群建设项目(XK100190553);广东省农业攻关项目(2006A20302001)

摘　　要：该文以鸡粪和锯末为原料,采用自行设计的有效容积为18、24、30和42 L的堆肥装置进行好氧堆肥试验,通过研究高温发酵期间(堆肥前期12 d)堆肥物料的温度、全碳、C/N、水溶性碳和微生物变化,以了解不同有效容积堆肥装置的实际堆肥效果,确定堆肥装置的有效体积。结果表明,随着堆肥体积的增大,堆体持续高温的时间加长;堆肥体积在30 L以上的两个处理的腐熟进程快于30 L以下的两处理;细菌的数量在整个堆肥过程中的变化趋势是先下降后上升,真菌在高温期迅速下降,在高温期,30 L以上两个处理放线菌数量明显较18和24 L处理多。在无外加热设备的情形下,堆肥装置的有效体积应该为30 L以上。The aerobic composting with sawdust and chicken manure as raw material was carried out to study the effect of different sized lab-based reactors（18, 24, 30 and 42 L） on dynamic changes of temperature, total-C, C/N ratio, water-soluble organic carbon and microbial population during the high speed （12 d）. The results showed that the duration of high temperature of 50℃ and 55℃ all exceeded seven days and the compost conformed to the sanitary standard of the aerobic eomposting; the results showed that the time of maintaining high temperature of above 50℃ exceeded seven days, and with the increased volume of compost, the time of sustained high temperature lengthened; with the changes of the total carbon content, water-soluble organic carbon content and the C/N ratio of the test composting maturity, the composting processes of 30 and 42 L were more rapid than 18 L and 24 L; in the composting process, the changing trend of bacteria quantity is rising after the first drop, fungi quantity rapidly declined in the high-temperature phase, actinomycosis quantity was rising, and 30 L and 42 L of the actinomycosis quantity were more than 24 L and 18 L in the high temperature period, significantly. The minimum valid size of composting equipment should be above 30 L, in a environment without any outside heating.

关 键 词：堆肥 堆肥体积 堆肥装置 鸡粪 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学]