利用地基GPS观测数据研究与地震有关的电离层异常  

Research on Ionospheric Anomalies before Earthquakes Detected by Ground GPS Observation Data

作　　者：马新欣[1,2] 金红林[2] 孟国杰[2] 

机构地区：[1]成都理工大学,四川成都610000 [2]中国地震局地震预测研究所,北京100036

出　　处：《地震》2008年第4期80-90,共11页Earthquake

基　　金：科技部科技支撑计划项目(2008BAC35B03);中国地震局地震预测研究所基础科研业务专项(2007-39)资助

摘　　要：利用中国大陆GPS连续站观测数据,根据电离层单层模型,计算得到中国大陆上空电离层电子总含量TEC（Total Electron Content）值的时间序列。选取2001—2008年发生在中国大陆地区的11个MS≥6.0地震,分析了这11个地震前后TEC值时间序列的变化特征。分析结果显示,地震活动期间距离震中700 km以外的GPS连续观测站上空TEC值的异常现象不明显,TEC值变化基本在0.5 TECU之内。11个震例中有6个震例TEC值出现了负异常现象,主要表现在震前1~5 d,并且观测站距离震中越近,TEC值变化越明显,少数震例在地震发生期间TEC值明显增加。研究认为,利用GPS连续观测数据研究与地震有关的电离层前兆是可能的。Based on the single layer ionosphere model,we have processed the observational data at some continuous GPS observation stations and obtained total electron content（TEC） time series of the ionosphere.We have studied the TEC anomalies of 11 MS≥6.0 earthquakes occurred in China′s continent during 2001—2008.Results show that the TEC values at GPS continuous observation stations 700 km away from the epicenter have no obvious anomaly before and after earthquakes,and TEC variation is within 0.5 TECU.The TEC values at observation stations have negative anomalies for 6 earthquake case in 11 events.TEC anomalies mainly appeared 1 day to 5 days before the earthquakes,and the closer the station is to the epicenter,the larger the TEC anomalies becomes;during a few earthquakes TEC values increased significantly.The research results show that it is possible to identify ionospheric anomalies before earthquakes from continuous GPS observation data.

关 键 词：电离层 GPS TEC值分布 地震异常 

分 类 号：P315.7[天文地球—地震学]