鱼类控制水蚤类浮游动物孳生的下行效应试验  

Top-down Effect Control of Fish Experiment for Excess Propagation of Cyclops

作　　者：林涛[1,2] 崔福义[2] 陈卫[1] 刘冬梅[2] 

机构地区：[1]河海大学浅水湖泊综合治理与资源开发教育部重点实验室,江苏南京210098 [2]哈尔滨工业大学市政环境工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150090

出　　处：《南京理工大学学报》2008年第5期646-650,共5页Journal of Nanjing University of Science and Technology

基　　金：国家“863”攻关专项课题(2002AA601140);教育部浅水湖泊重点实验室开放基金(2006KJ006)

摘　　要：该文在不同放养生物量下进行鲢鱼和鳙鱼控制水蚤孳生的下行效应试验研究。试验期间鲢鱼和鳙鱼的放养生物量为7∶3。结果表明:适宜生物量(30 g/m3)的鲢鱼和鳙鱼放养可以有效地抑制水蚤孳生。生态系统中的鱼体磷和沉积磷含量分别增加45%和16%,该试验系统减少了沉积营养物的再生速度。过低的放养生物量(10 g/m3)下鱼类的下行控制效应降低以至难以控制水蚤的孳生,试验系统中颗粒磷浓度上升60%;高放养量(120 g/m3)下的较高捕食压力加速营养物质自下而上的补充,使水中总磷浓度升高23%。This paper investigates the control of the excess propagation of Cyclops by the top-down effect of fish, such as silver carp and bighead carp under different stocking biomass conditions. The biomass between silver carp and bighead carp is in a ratio of 7 ： 3 during the experiment. The experimental results show that the propagation of Cyclops can be controlled effectively at proper fish stocking density of 30 g per cubic meter of water. The phosphorus in fish organism and depositional substance increases 45% and 16% respectively in the ecosystem of 30 g fish biomass, which is helpful to decrease the recycle speed of sedimentary nutriment. The top-down effect of fish is weakened not to effectually control the growth of Cyclops with lower biomass of fish （ 10 g/m^3 ）, and the concentration of granular phosphorus increases 60%. The high predator pressure accelerates supplemental rate of nutrients from bottom sediments and increases the content of total phosphorus by 23% at the intense stocking of 120 g per cubic meter of water.

关 键 词：滤食性鱼类 水蚤 浮游动物 下行效应 生物操纵 

分 类 号：TU991[建筑科学—市政工程]