青藏高原五道梁低层大气气溶胶来源的初步分析 Ⅱ.源地和输送  

THE SOURCES OF AEROSOL IN THE LOWER LAYER ATMOSPHERE AT WUDAOLIANG OVER QINGHAI-XIZANG PLATEAU Ⅱ. SOURCES REGIONS AND TRANSPORT

作　　者：沈志宝[1] 张小曳[1] 柳海燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院兰州高原大气物理研究所,中国科学院西安黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室

出　　处：《高原气象》1997年第4期345-352,共8页Plateau Meteorology

基　　金：国家攀登项目

摘　　要：基于对五道梁大气气溶胶来源的分析结果和青藏高原及其附近地区环流和天气特征，根据各源气溶胶的浓度变化与单站气象要素变化的关系，讨论了气溶胶的源区和输送。五道梁有两个稳定的污染排放源，全年均对该地低层大气有影响。在运输繁忙的夏、秋季公路过往汽车排放的废气也是一个重要的污染源。高原上出现的海洋气溶胶与水汽一样都源于孟加拉湾和阿拉伯海东北部，在夏季环流背景下通过远程输送同时被输送到高原上，正因为如此，高原上海洋气溶胶仅出现在雨季，其浓度变化与雨季降水有较好的相关。土壤尘在夏、秋季主要来自高原地区。Based on the results of aerosol source analysis and the characteristics of the atmospheric circulation over Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and its surrounding area as well as the relationship of the variations between the aerosol concentration and some meteorologial elements, the source regions of the aerosol in the lower atmosphere at Wudaoliang were discussed. There are two main permanent pollution sources which affect the lower atmosphere in the year. The automobile emission is also a pollution source in summer and autumn. The marine aerosol is transported together with the watervapor from the Bay of Bengal and northeastern Arabian sea when the summer pattern of atmospheric circulation sets up and maintains, so that it occures only in the rainy season and the variation of its concentration is correlated with precipitation. The soil dust source is mainly at the Plateau in summer and early autumn, but the dust caused by dust storm in the arid region from the Northwestern China to the Middle Asia can be transported to the Plateau in spring and winter.

关 键 词：青藏高原 气溶胶 源地输送 低层大气 空气污染 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]