复杂地形边界层结构的数值模拟  

NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF BOUNDARY LAYER STRUCTURE WITHIN COMPLEX TOPOGRAPHY

作　　者：余兴[1] 王晓玲[1] 戴进[1] 杨文峰[1] 李兆元[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西省人工影响天气中心,陕西省气象培训中心,陕西省气象科学研究所

出　　处：《高原气象》1997年第4期389-401,共13页Plateau Meteorology

基　　金："秦岭山脉对关中气候的影响研究"项目的资助

摘　　要：首先发展了一个三维非静力中－β尺度动力学模式，以模拟地形的动力、热力作用对边界层结构的影响。模式放弃了静力近似假设，垂直方向采用地形跟随坐标，用较细的网格以提高空间分辨率和精度。在参数化过程中，太阳辐射吸收考虑了地形的坡向作用，地表潜热和水汽通量考虑了植被作用，闭合方案采用Ｅ－ε能量闭合。然后利用该模式对陕西省关中地区作了实例模拟和数值试验。结果表明：起伏地形对垂直流场及低层风场影响较大。迎风坡空气抬升，背风坡空气下沉。层结稳定时易形成背风波，层结不稳定时，在地形抬升、水平温度梯度（地表形状不同）和背风坡的共同作用下，地形边界区易形成局地环流。除迎风坡空气抬升和背风坡引起上升运动外，还有地形加热引起的上升运动，这些对水汽。A three dimensional nonhydrostatic meso-β-scale meteorological model was developed to simulate influence of dynamic and thermodynamic effects on structure of boundary layer. Vertically,terrain-following coordinate was adapted. Fine grids were used to improve spatial resolution and with E-ε energy closure scheme. Effects of slope direction and vegetation were taken into consideration for solar radiative absorption and flux of surface latent heat and moisture, respectively,in parameterization.Numerical experiments and simulations were performed in Guanzhong area, Shaanxi province. The results show that complex topography has a large influence to vertical flow field and low-level wind field. Air lifts on windward slope and sinks on lee side. Lee wave is easy formed when exists a stable stratification,local circulation is readly to develop under the combination effects of horizontal temperature gradient and lee wave when stratification is unstable. Besides, topographic heating,air lifting on windward slope and lee wave play an important role in vertical transport of moisture and energy.

关 键 词：非静力模式 复杂地形 数值模拟 边界层结构 

分 类 号：P435[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] P404