2004-2006年医院感染菌群及耐药性变化趋势分析  

Pathogens Causing Nosocomial Infection and Characteristics of Antimicrobial Resistance 2004-2006

作　　者：张瑞琴[1] 张谨宇[1] 张润梅[1] 徐辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西医科大学第二医院药剂科,山西太原030001

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2008年第10期1437-1440,共4页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

摘　　要：目的了解医院临床分离菌群及对各类抗菌药物的耐药状况。方法对医院2004-2006年临床分离菌群进行回顾性分析,采用K-B法进行药敏分析,并按CLSI标准判断病原菌耐药性。结果2004-2006年医院感染病原菌仍以革兰阴性菌为主;真菌增幅较大,从2004年的3.1%到2006年的18.0%;金黄色葡萄球菌和凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌中耐甲氧西林株分别占32.7%（21.1%～43.8%）和80.5%（76.8%～83.1%）,未发现万古霉素的耐药株;大肠埃希菌ESBLs的检出率21.4%（21.0%～30.0%）,肺炎克雷伯菌21.5%（11.6%～40.0%）;鲍氏不动杆菌对亚胺培南的耐药率为0～3.0%,而铜绿假单胞菌对亚胺培南的耐药率〉15.0%;不同年份不同菌种对同一药物的耐药率差异亦有统计学意义。结论加强病原菌的感染监控,及时提供医院感染菌株流行情况及其耐药率变迁信息,为合理使用抗菌药物提供依据,加强与临床的联系。OBJECTIVE To determine the distribution and drug resistance of bacterial flora in hospital infection. METHODS Bacteria were isolated from patients in our hospital from Jan 2004 to Dec 2006. And K-B paper disk diffusion in accordance with the CLSI standards was employed for drug sensitivity tests. RESULTS Nosocomial infection due to Gram-negative bacteria in our hospital was the highest from 2004 to 2006. Under our surveillance the fungal rate appeared increasing trend from 3.1%（2004） to 18.0%（2006）. There were 32.7%（21.1-43.80%） and 80. 5% （76. 8 - 83. 1%） meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. In Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, ESBLs-production rate was 21.4% （21.0-30.0%） and 21.5% （11.6 - 40.0% ）, respectively. Acinetobacter baumannii against imipenem was 0. Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed resistant rates 〉15.0%. CONCLUSIONS The most common pathogens causing nosocomial infection are Gram-negative bacteria. The resistance rates are high. Antibiotics policy is urgently needed in order to delay the resistance onset development. Key words： Bacteria; Resistance; Antibiotics

关 键 词：病原菌 耐药性 抗菌药物 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]