海南岛石灰岩地区的外来植物  

Alien plants in limestone regions of Hainan Island,China

作　　者：秦新生[1,2] 张荣京[2,3] 陈红锋[2] 严岳鸿[4] 郑希龙[2] 邢福武[2] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学林学院,广州510642 [2]中国科学院华南植物园,广州510650 [3]华南农业大学生命科学学院,广州510642 [4]湖南科技大学生命科学学院,湖南湘潭411201

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2008年第11期1861-1868,共8页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30270122);香港嘉道理农场生物多样性基金资助项目

摘　　要：通过对海南岛石灰岩地区外来植物的实地调查,对该地区外来植物的种类、分布、来源、生活型、入侵生境、危害程度、引入途径以及与邻近地区的关系进行了统计分析。结果表明:该地区共有外来植物53种,隶属45属22科,约占该地区本地植物种类总数的4%,多为来源于热带美洲(77.4%)的草本植物(77.4%),这些外来植物大部分是通过人类活动有意(47.2%)或无意(35.8%)引入;主要分布在植被破坏严重的低海拔山坡、林缘、林隙和田间,有的外来植物在植被破坏较少的森林中以及在较高海拔也有分布;在自然条件大致相同的情况下,岛屿及沿海地区相对内陆地区似乎更易被外来种入侵,而且一个地区外来种总数及其占本地种比例与对外贸易有着密切关系。Based origin, life form, on the field survey invasion habitat, and literature review, the species composlnon, distribution, damage degree, and invasion track of alien plants in limestone regions of Hainan Island were studied, and The results showed that in the limestone regions of compared with those in neighboring regions. Hainan Island, there were 53 species of alien plants, belonging to 45 genera and 22 families. Most of the alien species （77.4%） were originated from tropical America, and many of them （77.4%） were herbs. These alien plants were introduced by intentional （47.2%） or unconscious （35.8%） human activities. They were mainly distributed in the hillsides, margins or gaps of forests, and croplands at low altitude, and a few of them were found in the forests at high altitude. Through the comparison with those in neighboring regions, it was found that the alien plants in the limestone regions in Hainan Island could more easily invade islands and littorals than invade inlands, and the total number of the alien plants and its proportion to the native plants were closely related to human activities such as frequent foreign trade.

关 键 词：外来植物 石灰岩 生物入侵 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]