河北嶂石岩风景区蜘蛛群落结构及多样性  

Community structure and diversity of spider in Zhangshiyan scenic area of Hebei Province,China

作　　者：张锋[1] 朱立敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北大学生命科学学院,河北保定071002

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2008年第11期1937-1940,共4页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金项目(C2006000975);河北大学培养基金资助项目(2005Y09)

摘　　要：2007年7月对河北赞皇嶂石岩国家级风景区蜘蛛群落结构进行了调查,采用局地取样与随机扫网相结合的方法,共采集蜘蛛标本1226头,隶属于24科61属81种。嶂石岩风景区蜘蛛物种多样性丰富,漏斗蛛、蟹蛛、皿蛛和狼蛛是该地区的优势类群。不同生境中的蜘蛛种类和个体密度均有差别,其中,灌木丛生境中蜘蛛种类(54)、个体密度(20.9头.m-2)和Shannon多样性指数(3.264)均明显高于森林落叶层和滩涂生境;森林落叶层生境中蜘蛛分布的优势集中性指数最高(0.116),导致其种类分布均匀性指数(0.749)最低;滩涂生境中种类分布均匀性指数最高(0.853),这与其种类多为游猎型有关。对该地区蜘蛛物种和多度关系分析表明,嶂石岩风景区蜘蛛群落结构与Fisher对数级数分布模型能够较好地拟合。The community structure of spider in Zhangshiyan scenic area ot Zanhuang County, Hebei Province, China was studied in July 2007. With sampling and sweep-netting together, 1 226 spider individuals were collected, which belonged to 24 families, 61 genera and 81 species. The species richness of the spider was abundant, and Agelenidae, Thomisidae, Linyphiidae, and Lycosidae were the dominant groups. Both the species number and the individual density in different habitats were different. Shrubs had the most species （54）, highest density （20.9 ind ·m^-2） and Shannon diversity index （3. 264）, forest floors had the highest concentration index （0. 116） but the lowest evenness index （0. 749 ）, while bottomlands had the ：highest evenness index （0. 853 ）, which was related to the fact that most of the species were wandering spiders. The community structure of the spider was coincident with Fisher＇ s logarithm series distribution.

关 键 词：蜘蛛 群落结构 多样性指数 嶂石岩 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]