黄河水系沉积物重金属赋存形态及污染特征  

Chemical forms and pollution characteristics of heavy metals in Yellow River sediments

作　　者：袁浩[1,2] 王雨春[1] 顾尚义[2] 陆瑾[1] 周怀东[1] 万晓红[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院水环境研究所,北京100038 [2]贵州大学资源与环境工程学院,贵阳550003

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2008年第11期1966-1971,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划资助项目(2006CB403403)

摘　　要：2004年采集了黄河干流及西纳川等支流的水系沉积物,测定了沉积物样品中Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd、Cr、As和Hg等重金属元素的含量,并用BCR连续提取法分析研究了各元素的赋存形态,同时采用地累积指数法(Igeo)和次生相原生相分布比值法(RSP)分别对黄河流域水系沉积物中重金属的污染状况及生态风险进行了评估。结果表明:黄河水系沉积物中重金属含量特征总体符合全球页岩重金属元素丰度的基本趋势,但在部分人为污染较重的区域,表现出一定的地理差异;从浓度水平衡量,重金属的污染较轻;黄河水系沉积物中Cu、Zn、Cr和As主要以残渣态(B4)形式存在,具有较好的环境稳定性,而Pb、Hg和Cd以活性较大的弱吸附态存在,可能具有相对较大的环境影响;生态风险评价的结果显示,Pb、Cd和Hg具有相对较高的生态风险指数,尤其是Pb的潜在风险应该引起重视。The sediments from Yellow River were collected in 2004. Their heavy metals （Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cr, As, and Hg） concentrations were determined, chemical forms were analyzed with BCR sequential extraction method, and pollution level and ecological risk were evaluated by the methods of geological index （ Igeo ） and＇ratio of secondary to protogenic （RSP）. The results showed that the overall characteristics of the heavy metals concentrations in the sediments basical- ly accorded with the abundance trend of the heavy metals in the shale at global scale. However, in parts of heavier polluted regions, there existed definite geographical diversity. From the view- point of concentration level, the contamination status of the heavy metals was not very serious. The Cu, Zn, Cr and As in the sediments were mainly in residual form, suggesting that they had better environmental stability; while Pb, Hg and Cd were more in highly active form, suggesting that they had greater environmental effects. Pb, Hg and Cd had high ecological risk index, and especially, the potential risk of Pb should be attached more importance to.

关 键 词：黄河 重金属 BCR连续提取法 生态风险评价 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]