负水头供水控水盆栽装置及灌溉系统的研究与应用  

Study and Application of Negative Pressure Water Supplying,Controlling Pot Device and Irrigation System

作　　者：李邵[1,2] 薛绪掌[1] 郭文善[2] 李霞[1] 陈菲[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家农业信息化工程技术研究中心,北京100097 [2]扬州大学江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室,扬州225009

出　　处：《上海交通大学学报（农业科学版）》2008年第5期478-482,共5页Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University(Agricultural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(50479064);国家863项目(2006AA100202-2);北京市农业科技示范推广项目

摘　　要：如何持续精确控制土壤水分一直是国内外研究的重点,目前控制盆栽与大田水分的方法都会使部分水分达到过饱和,而影响试验效果。基于负压控制原理研制出的负水头供水控水盆栽装置和负水头灌溉系统解决了这一难题,试验证明负水头供水控水盆栽装置可将土壤含水量持续维持在理想状态。可以实现土壤含水量的持续稳定控制与日蒸散量监测,结合天平的使用获得盆栽植株的鲜重增长动态;负水头灌溉系统能使灌溉下的土壤含水量呈非饱和状态,抑制土表湿润导致的无效蒸发和地下渗漏导致的无效灌溉和养分流失,也不会破坏土壤结构,节省了大量人力、物力,提高了水分利用率,增加了作物产量提高的潜力。负水头供水控水盆栽装置及灌溉系统在设施栽培中及科学研究中,具有很大的推广价值。How to control soil moisture continued and precisely has been the focus of the research at home and abroad, part of the soil will be reach saturation under current water controlling methods, and the result of the experiment will not be so imprecise. Based on the principle of negative pressure , the negative pressure water supplying, controlling pot device and negative pressure irrigation system de- signed for solve this problem, the experiment result showed that the negative pressure water supplying, controlling pot device can maintain soil moisture of pot equipment in the enactment state, it has the function of sustained ,stably controlling soil moisture and reading the value of evapotranspiration, with a balance we can obtain the value of plant fresh weight growth; negative pressure irrigation can leading the soil moist to a Non-saturation status, restrain the surface soil invalid evaporation and nutrient loss caused by underground water leakage, and also will not damage the soil structure, saving a lot of manpower, resources, and improve water use efficiency, increasing the potential of increasing of crop yields, the negative pressure water supplying, controlling pot device and negative pressure irrigation system have a great generally value in the plant facilities cultivation and scientific research.

关 键 词：负水头灌溉 控水 盆栽 自动供水 

分 类 号：S275.9[农业科学—农业水土工程]