咸阳地区墨胸胡蜂的生活习性及其触角电位生理反应初探  

Primary study on the living habits and EAG responses of Vespa in Xianyang area

作　　者：李幸辉[1] 李孟楼[1] 张雅林[2] 党齐域 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学林学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学植保资源与病虫害治理教育部重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100 [3]咸阳市森防站,陕西咸阳712000

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2008年第11期77-81,共5页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家"十五"科技攻关项目"袭人胡蜂危害控制技术研究"(2004BA509B1901)

摘　　要：【目的】对陕西咸阳地区墨胸胡蜂的生活习性及触角电位反应进行初步研究，旨在为陕西省及其他地区、其他种类胡蜂的研究提供参考。【方法】采用野外跟踪及定点观察等方法，对其筑巢环境、取食、日活动情况及其活动与气温的关系等习性进行了研究;选取桂花、檀香、玫瑰、绿茶等10种不同气味的挥发油，对墨胸胡蜂进行了触角电位测定。【结果】墨胸胡蜂主要筑巢于树干、废弃窑洞等，属杂食性昆虫，喜食各种水果及软体昆虫等;其日活动高峰时间是10：00～16：00;墨胸胡蜂的活动与气温密切相关，随气温的变化，活动次数发生明显变化。触角电位反应表明，墨胸胡蜂对各种气味均有不同程度的触角电位反应，其中对桂花的触角电位反应值最高，对檀香的触角电位反应值最低。【结论】墨胸胡蜂筑巢位置大都比较高，属杂食性昆虫，取食范围较广，活动的高峰时间相对集中，桂花对墨胸胡蜂可能具有吸引或驱避作用。[Objective] This paper studied on the living habits and EAG Responses of Vespa nigrithorax in Xianyang area, which aimed to help the research of other species in other places of Shaanxi. [Method] By the methods of tracking and located investigation, the nesting ecology, feeding behavior, daily activity and relationship between its activities and temperature of Vespa nigrithorax were studied. Also the experiment of EAG responses was conducted with 10 different kinds of volatile oils. [Result] The results showed that,Vespa nigrithorax mainlys nidificates in trunks,cave dwellings and so on,Vespa nigrithorax is omnivorous, who prefers to fruits and molluseous insects. The daily activate peak time of Vespa nigrithotax appears from 10：00 to 16：00,The activity of Vespa nigrithorax has close relationship with temperature. The EAG Responses showed that,many kinds of volatile oils had EAG responses to Vespa nigrithotax in certain degrees,the highest being Osmanthus fragrans Lours essential oil, the lowest Santalum oil. [Conclusion] In conclusion,the nests of Vespa nigrithorax are very tall,and Vespa nigrithorax are omnivorous. The daily active peak time of Vespa nigrithorax is relatively centralized. It is possible that Opsmanthus fragrans Lours oil can attract or inhibit the Vespa nigrithorax.

关 键 词：墨胸胡蜂 生活习性 触角电位反应 咸阳地区 

分 类 号：Q969.554.4[生物学—昆虫学]