二级强化程序在药物成瘾研究中的应用  

The Application of Second-Order Schedule in Drug-Addiction

作　　者：张静[1] 李新旺[1] 马兰花[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学心理系,北京100048

出　　处：《心理科学进展》2008年第6期892-898,共7页Advances in Psychological Science

基　　金：北京市教委科技发展计划项目(KM200710028021)资助

摘　　要：二级强化程序是一种以物质的强化效应为基础,评价药物的精神依赖性潜力的方法,将其应用到自身给药实验中,即为二级强化自身给药模型。在这个模型中,动物在条件性刺激的影响下按压杠杆以寻求药物的行为反映了其对成瘾性药物的渴求。使用二级强化程序,人们发现:条件性刺激既能够影响觅药行为的获得和保持,也能够影响这种行为的消退;伏隔核的核区、杏仁核基底外侧部和内侧前额皮层等部位在药物相关的条件性刺激诱导动物产生觅药行为的过程中起重要作用。二级强化程序的应用为开发治疗药物成瘾的物质提供了一条新思路。Second-order schedules, which are called second-order schedules of drug self-administration when put into experiments, stress the significance of the conditioned stimuli in the acquiring and keeping of the behavior that takes place in this model. Under the influence of conditioned stimuli, animals press a lever to seek drugs. The results of many studies suggest that nucleus accumbens core, basolateral amygdale and medial prefrontal cortex play an important role in the drug-seeking behavior aroused by conditioned stimuli. The use of second-order schedules makes it possible to predict substance that may result in addiction, which also provides new ideas in preclinical testing of potential treatment strategies for drug addiction.

关 键 词：二级强化程序 药物成瘾 条件性刺激 觅药 

分 类 号：B845[哲学宗教—心理学]