群众性免疫运动的作用和效果评价  

EVALUATION ON EFFECT AND ROLE OF THE MASS IMMUNIZATION CAMPAIGN

作　　者：张建[1,2] 王克安 杨志伟[1,2] 张荣珍 张兴录[1,2] 于竞进[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]卫生部疾病控制司 [2]中国预防医学科学院

出　　处：《中国计划免疫》1997年第3期97-101,共5页Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization

摘　　要：本文在研究国内外相关文献的基础上，从流行病学、病原学、卫生经济学和卫生服务研究等不同角度，对群众性免疫运动的作用和效果进行了综合评价。结果表明，群众性免疫运动在大多数情况下有助于提高免疫覆盖率。在接种率较低的地区，能显著地提高人群免疫水平；在免疫水平较高的地区，可进一步巩固人群免疫水平。群众性免疫运动的流行病学效果是明显的，它能显著地降低发病率，阻断病原传播。但由于缺乏系统的成本效益效果评价，目前很难明确其是否是最符合成本效益原则的免疫策略。作者认为群众性免疫运动在相当一段时期内仍是公共卫生干预的重要组成部分，全面了解群众性免疫运动的作用和效果，将有助于制订适宜的干预策略，提高决策水平。To evaluate mass immunization campaigns,we reviewed the literature relating to their effectiveness,sustainability and the cost-effectiveness in raising immunization coverage levels,and controlling or eradicating/eliminating diseases as well as their impact on the routine immunization services Well-conducted campaigns have,but not always,increased vaccine coverage levels Where the immunization coverage is relatively low,mass immunization campaigns can improve thepopulation immunity significantly Mass immunization campaigns would consolidate or strength the population immunity in the areas where immunization coverage is already at high level Mass campaigns have decreased disease morbidity and blocked pathogens effectively Little data areavailable to support or refute the notion that mass campaigns are the most cost-benefit immunization strategy Mass immunization campaign,the authors suggested,would be the major components of public health interventions in a relative long run Better understanding of mass immunization campaign’s advantages and disadvantages would facilitate decision-making concerned

关 键 词：效果 评价 计划免疫 群众性运动 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]