海洋飞沫对热带气旋影响的数值试验  

EFFECT OF SEA SPRAY ON NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF TROPICAL CYCLONE

作　　者：郑静[1,2] 费建芳[1,3] 王元[3] 黄小刚[1] 李启明 吴宏毅[2] 

机构地区：[1]解放军理工大学气象学院,江苏南京211101 [2]73061部队76分队,江苏徐州221008 [3]南京大学大气科学系,江苏南京210093 [4]海军91774部队气象台,上海200083

出　　处：《热带气象学报》2008年第5期467-474,共8页Journal of Tropical Meteorology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(40475028);江苏省气象灾害重点实验室项目(KLME060210)共同资助

摘　　要：将最新版的Andreas海洋飞沫通量参数化方案与中尺度大气模式MM5V3耦合,对0514号热带气旋Nabi进行数值模拟,探讨海洋飞沫蒸发对热带气旋发展和演变的影响。模拟结果表明,考虑海洋飞沫的作用后,热带气旋范围内(气旋中心附近600km左右范围内)的潜热和感热通量明显增强,尤其是潜热通量,最大值可提高35%～80%,潜热通量的大值区对应热带气旋眼墙处的最大风速区。无论是否考虑海洋飞沫作用,模式均能较好地模拟出热带气旋Nabi的移动路径,但考虑飞沫作用后,由于飞沫对海气界面通量交换的贡献,使得模拟热带气旋中心的最低海平面气压降低,最大风速增强,暖心结构更加明显。The latest version of sea spray flux parameterization scheme developed by Andreas is coupled with the PSU/NCAR model MM5 in this paper. A western Pacific tropical cyclone named Nabi in 2005 is simulated using this coupled atmosphere-sea spray modeling system to study the effect of sea spray evaporation on the evolution of tropical cyclones. The results demonstrate that sea spray can lead to a significant increase of heat flux in the air-sea interface, especially the latent heat flux, the maximum of which can increase by up to about 35%-80%. The latent heat flux seems to be more important than the sensible heat flux for the evolution of tropical cyclones. Regardless of whether sea spray fluxes are considered, the model can always simulate the track of Nabi well, which seems to indicate that sea spray has little impact on the movement of tropical cyclones. However, taking into account of sea spray fluxes in the model, the intensity of a simulated tropical cyclone can result in significant increase. Due to the enhancement of water vapor and heat from the sea surface to the air caused by sea spray, the warm center structure is more obvious, and the vertical speed around typhoon eye is stronger in experiment W, which is propitious to the development and evolution of tropical cyclones.

关 键 词：海洋飞沫 热带气旋 参数化方案 数值模拟 

分 类 号：P444[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]