北京7种园林植物及典型配置绿地用水量测算  

Estimates of Water Consumption of Seven Kinds of Garden Plants and Typical Configuration in Beijing

作　　者：王瑞辉[1,2] 马履一[2] 奚如春[2] 李丽萍[2] 樊敏[2] 

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学,长沙410004 [2]北京林业大学,北京100083

出　　处：《林业科学》2008年第10期63-68,共6页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金项目(6052016);北京林业大学森林培育与保护教育部重点实验室(JD100220535);十一五攻关项目"速生丰产林良种壮苗规模化生产技术研究与示范"共同资助

摘　　要：用热扩散式边材液流探针(TDP)和盆栽法对北京7种常见园林植物的蒸腾用水量进行1个生长季的观测。结果表明:单株乔木(胸径15cm左右)年用水量油松851.9kg、侧柏982.7kg、元宝枫1518.3kg,元宝枫的用水量显著大于油松和侧柏;灌木单位叶面积年用水量大叶黄杨128.42kg·m-2、金叶女贞117.28kg·m-2、铺地柏82.38kg·m-2,铺地柏的用水量明显少于金叶女贞和大叶黄杨;6种典型配置绿地单位面积年用水量油松片林最少,为295kg·m-2,金叶女贞绿篱最多,为1083.2kg·m-2。草地早熟禾纯草坪的用水量大于林下草坪,前者643.3kg·m-2,后者450.3kg·m-2。纯草坪的用水量大于乔草型绿地,与灌草型绿地相差不大。Water consumption by transpiration of seven species of common garden plants was observed for one growth season in Beijing by using thermal dissipation sap flow probe TDP with pot seedlings. The results indicated that the yearly water consumption of the single arbor （about diameter at breast height 15 cm） was 851.9 kg of Pinus tabulaeform, 982.7 kg of Platycladus orientalis and 1 518.3 kg of Acer truncatum. The water consumption of Acer truncatum was remarkably more than that of Pinus tabulaeform and Platycladus orientalis. The shrub water consumption per unit leaf surface was respectively 128.42 kg·m^-2 for Euonymus japonicus, 117.28 kg·m^-2 for Ligustrum vicaryi, and 82.38 kg·m^-2for Sabina procumbens. The water consumption of Sabina procumbens was significantly less than that of Ligustrum vicaryi and Euonymus japonicus. Regarding the green unit area＇ s water consumption of seven species configuration, Pinus tabulaeforrnis was the least, 295 kg· m^-2, and Ligustrum ×vicaryi was the most, 1 083.2 kg· m^- 2. The water consumption of pure lawn Poa pratensis was more than that of understory lawn, and the front was 643.3 kg· m^- 2, while the latter was 450.3 kg·m^- 2. The water consumption of pure lawn was more than that of arbor lawn green, and was little different from shrub lawn. This study has provided a scientific basis for Beijing landscape water-saving plant material selection and allocation of green space.

关 键 词：园林植物 树干液流 盆栽 用水量 绿地配置 

分 类 号：S731.2[农业科学—林学]