藏北地区近地层大气和土壤特征量分析  

Analyses on Near Surface Layer Atmospheric Characteristics and Soil Features in Northern Tibetan Plateau

作　　者：陈学龙[1] 马耀明[1,2] 李茂善[2] 马伟强[2] 王宏[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院青藏高原研究所,北京100085 [2]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所西部气候环境与灾害实验室,甘肃兰州730000 [3]中国矿业大学(北京)资源与安全工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《高原气象》2008年第5期941-948,共8页Plateau Meteorology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2005CB422003);国家自然科学基金项目(40673012)共同资助

摘　　要：利用"全球协调加强观测期亚澳季风青藏高原试验研究(CAMP/Tibet)"4个台站2003年大气和土壤的观测资料,详细分析了藏北高原不同下垫面上的气温、相对湿度、土壤温度、土壤湿度等的季节变化及年变化特征。近地层大气各气象要素变化剧烈;4个站气温高低的差异显示了纬度和高度的明显影响;各站冻土冻融过程存在地域差别,尤其是春季冻结消融阶段的持续时间相差可达1个月;土壤质地的差别对土壤湿度影响也较大,黏土土壤含水量要高些,粉土和砂土要低些。Based on observation data of four sites in Northern Tibetan Plateau in 2003 obtained by CAMP/Tibet（CEOP（Coordinated Enhanced Observing Period） Asia-Australia Monsoon Project（CAMP） on the Tibetan Plateau）, seasonal and annual variation characteristics of near surface layer atmospheric temperature, relative humidity and soil temperature, soil moisture content etc. were analyzed in this paper. Atmospheric measurement items in near surface layer has obvious variation; the surface air temperature of 4 sites are largely influenced by the latitude and height. Frozen groundls frozen-thaw process in every site has regional difference, especially spring freezing and thawing stage time has nearly 1 month difference; soil texture has important influence on soil moisture, reflecting that clay soil moisture content is higher than silty soil and sandy soil.

关 键 词：藏北高原 CAMP/Tibet 近地层大气 土壤温湿度 冻土 冻结融化 

分 类 号：P461.4[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]