不同施氮时期对水稻剑叶光合特性及稻米品质的影响  

Effects of Nitrogen Applied at Different Stages on Photosynthetic Traits of Flag Leaf and Rice Quality

作　　者：张军[1] 谢兆伟 朱敏敏 孔妤 熊飞 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学江苏省作物传生理重点实验室 [2]扬州环境资源职业技术院

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2008年第5期656-661,共6页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30070454)

摘　　要：通过盆栽试验研究了相同施氮总量下不同施氮时期对扬稻6号和扬粳9538剑叶光合特性及稻米品质的影响。结果表明:孕穗肥能提高稻米精米率、整精米率、蛋白质含量,降低垩白粒率、垩白度和直链淀粉含量;后期施氮能显著提高剑叶的叶绿素含量即SPAD值,使叶片保持浓绿状态的时间延长;后期适当施氮肥能显著提高剑叶净光合速率,延缓剑叶的衰老,延长光合时间,提高品质;在颖果发育过程中,后期施氮能降低颖果中可溶性糖、直链淀粉和总淀粉的积累量,显著提高蛋白质积累量,但对支链淀粉积累量影响较小。Pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of nitrogen applied at different stages under the same total nitrogen on photosynthetic traits of flag-leaf and rice quality in Yangdao 6 and Yangjing 9538. The results were as fol- lows： the increased nitrogen fertilizer （urea） , especially in booting period, could improve head rice percentage, head milled rice percentage and protein contents in the harvest grains compared with the control group, but decrease chalky grain percentage and amylose contents. Nitrogen especilly applied in later period could improve chlorphyll eontens （SPAD val- ue）, which could make green leaves last longer. Proper nitrogen application at the later stages could obviously improve net photosynthetic rate, delay senescence and prolong photosynthetic times of flag-leaf. In the later process of earyopsis develop- ment, nitrogen could decrease the accumulation of soluable sugar, the amylase starch and total starch, obviously enhance the accumulation of protein, but not affect the accumulation of amylopectin contents.

关 键 词：水稻 施氮 光合特性 稻米品质 

分 类 号：S511.01[农业科学—作物学]