异源四倍体花粉授粉解决永嘉早香柚内裂的研究  

Preliminary study on decreasing fruit inner-splitting of Yongjia Zaoxiang pomelo cultivar with allo-tetraploid's pollen

作　　者：陈方永[1] 王益光 罗君琴[1] 陈少华 任正初[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省柑橘研究所,浙江黄岩318020 [2]浙江省温州市农业局经济作物站,浙江温州325003 [3]浙江省永嘉县农业局,浙江永嘉325100

出　　处：《果树学报》2008年第6期851-855,共5页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：浙江省科技厅浙科发农(2005)189计划项目;浙江省林业厅浙林计(2006)150计划项目

摘　　要：以13a生的土柚砧永嘉早香柚为试材,用HR、SR二种异源四倍体花粉、土柚花粉分别对其进行授粉,研究永嘉早香柚的裂瓣控制和综合品质的提高。结果表明,用SR、HR花粉授粉不但使永嘉早香柚的裂瓣问题得到有效解决,而且使果实匀称度、单果质量、可溶性固形物、可食率都显著提高,同时,还能使果肉柔软、瘪子。相比较HR效果好于SR。土柚授粉虽然裂瓣问题基本解决,但却使永嘉早香柚由少子变成严重多子,可食率下降,肉质粗糙,果皮增厚。异源四倍体HR授粉对解决永嘉早香柚的裂瓣效果和综合品质提高,效果好于目前推行的各种方法,包括常规的异花授粉、栽培管理措施的改进等。Experiment was conducted with 13-year-old trees of Yongja Zaoxiangyou pomelo cultivar （Citrus grandisi） pollinated with SR and HR, two allotetraploid pollens for studying the possibility of solving the fruit inner-splitting problem. Results showed that the inner-splitting was significantly decreased by pollinated with SR and HR pollens. In addition, using allotetraploid pollens could improve the fruit appearance, single fruit weight, total soluble solids content and fruit edible rate. Moreover, the seeds of the fruit pollinated with allotetraploid pollens could be shrinking and flesh become tender. The effectiveness of HR pollinator was better than that of SR. Using the pollens of Tuyou pomelo could also solve the fruit inner-splitting, but it caused many seeds formed and the fruit edible rate decreased, flesh coarsen, and fruit skin thicken. Study indicated that using allo-tetraploid HR pollination solved the problem of juice sac cracking and improved the integrated quality of Yongja Zaoxiangyou. Such method is much better than the other methods used currently.

关 键 词：永嘉早香柚 异源四倍体 授粉 控制裂瓣 

分 类 号：S666.3[农业科学—果树学]